Table 2.
Subgroup analysis of studies investigated the association of yogurt consumption with risk of colorectal cancer.
| Subgroup factors | n of studies | OR (95% CI) | I2, % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Study design | |||
| Cohort study | 10 | 0.91 (0.86, 0.97) | 0 |
| Case-control study | 4 | 0.75 (0.65, 0.85) | 0 |
| Study region | |||
| Asian | 2 | 0.85 (0.62, 1.17) | 4.4 |
| Europe | 8 | 0.89 (0.82, 0.97) | 0 |
| Africa | 2 | 0.73 (0.63, 0.84) | 0 |
| North American | 2 | 0.96 (0.87, 1.05) | 0 |
| Cancer subtype | |||
| Colorectal cancer | 12 | 0.87 (0.80, 0.94) | 25.8 |
| Colon | 6 | 0.86 (0.78, 0.96) | 6.0 |
| Rectal | 6 | 0.95 (0.78, 1.16) | 57.6 |
| Proximal colon | 3 | 0.91 (0.81, 1.03) | 8.7 |
| Distal colon | 3 | 0.87 (0.77, 0.99) | 0 |
| Yogurt solely | |||
| Yes | 9 | 0.83 (0.74, 0.93) | 38.1 |
| No | 5 | 0.94 (0.84, 1.07) | 0 |
| Publication year | |||
| Before 2010 | 6 | 0.93 (0.81, 1.08) | 0 |
| After 2010 | 8 | 0.85 (0.77, 0.94) | 44.5 |
| Sex | |||
| All | 10 | 0.84 (0.76, 0.94) | 40.6 |
| Men | 4 | 0.77 (0.55, 1.08) | 58.4 |
| Women | 4 | 0.89 (0.77, 1.02) | 0 |