Table 1.
Characteristics of the community-dwelling older adults of the CLHLS (n = 3,267, according to frailty status).
| Frailty status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Robust (n = 843) | Pre-frail (n = 1,042) | Frail (n = 1,382) | P -value | |
| Age [years, median (IQR)] | 77.0 (70.0, 85.0) | 85.0 (77.0, 93.0) | 95.0 (87.0, 101.0) | <0.001 |
| Gender (female, %) | 347 (41.2) | 561 (53.8) | 933 (67.5) | <0.001 |
| BMI [median (IQR)] | 21.9 (19.8, 24.2) | 20.9 (18.8, 23.8) | 20.1 (17.9, 22.9) | <0.001 |
| Marital status (n, %) | <0.001 | |||
| Married and living with spouse | 488 (57.9) | 390 (37.4) | 250 (22.2) | |
| Divorced/widowed/never married | 355 (42.1) | 652 (62.6) | 1132 (81.9) | |
| Current smoker (n, %) | 206 (24.4) | 175 (16.8) | 118 (8.5) | <0.001 |
| Current drinker (n, %) | 189 (22.4) | 161 (15.5) | 113 (8.2) | <0.001 |
| Exercise at present (n, %) | 212 (25.1) | 172 (16.5) | 101 (7.3) | <0.001 |
| Education years (≥ 5 years, %) | 320 (38.0) | 179 (17.2) | 156 (11.3) | <0.001 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension | 151 (17.9) | 323 (31.0) | 497 (36.0) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 13 (1.5) | 36 (3.5) | 132 (9.6) | <0.001 |
| Heart disease | 28 (3.3) | 79 (7.6) | 242 (17.5) | <0.001 |
| Stroke or CVD | 12 (1.4) | 56 (5.4) | 229 (16.6) | <0.001 |
| NLR [median (IQR)] | 2.2 (1.7, 2.9) | 2.1 (1.6, 2.9) | 2.3 (1.7, 3.2) | <0.001 |
| Frailty index scores [median (IQR)] | 0.06 (0.03, 0.08) | 0.15 (0.12, 0.18) | 0.31 (0.24, 0.43) | <0.001 |
IQR, interquartile range; BMI, body mass index; CVD, cerebrovascular disease; NLR, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio.