Table 2.
Examples of molecular regulators or treatments which cause epigenetic modification and regulate crop disease response.
| Epigenetic modification molecules or treatment | Function | Effect | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rice | |||
| OsAGO4a-RNAi | Reduce siRNA accumulation and CHH methylation at the PigmS promoter and enhance PigmS expression | The mutant plant is susceptible to Magnaporthe oryzae (fungus) | Deng et al., 2017 |
| TE derived hc-siRNAs | Control PigmS expression | Avoid fitness cost due to the defense response induced by PigmR against Magnaporthe oryzae | Deng et al., 2017 |
| TE derived hc-siRNAs, TE-siR815 | Suppress ST1 expression | Attenuation of WRKY45-mediated resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae (bacteria) | Zhang et al., 2016 |
| miR812w | Targets Stowaway MITE to suppress nearby gene | Contribute to Magnaporthe oryzae resistance | Campo et al., 2021 |
| Common bean | |||
| BABA | H3K4me3 and H3K36me3 are enhanced at the promoter-exon regions of defense-associated genes | Induces resistance to P. syringae pv. phaseolicola | Martinez-Aguilar et al., 2016 |
| Potato | |||
| BABA | Adjust H3K4me2 and H3K27me3 dynamics; and genome-wide DNA hypermethylation | Induces intergenerational resistance against Phytophthora infestans (oomycete) | Meller et al., 2018 |
| Reduce DNA methylation on the promoter of R3a NLR gene | More resistant to virulent Phytophthora infestans which secretes effector Avr3a | Kuznicki et al., 2019 | |