Table 3.
Summary of efficacy clinical studies with the standardized Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761®.
| Refs. | Study Design | Endpoints | Dosage & Duration | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [48] | RDBPCa | Prevention of dementia | 240 mg/day (120 mg BID) vs. placebo x 2 years | No significant difference. |
| [49] | RDBPC | Cognitive function -memory tests | 240 mg/day vs. placebo x 6 weeks | No significant difference. |
| [50] | RDBPC | Mood | 40 mg or 80 mg per day film-coated tablets vs. placebo x 4 weeks | Significant superiority of EGb 761®over placebo on all secondary outcome measures. |
| [51] | RDBPC, parallel | Cognitive function | 120 mg/day (40mg TID) vs. placebo x 52 weeks | EGb 761® stabilized and/or improved cognitive performance and social functioning of dementia patients for 6 months to 1 year. |
| [52] | RDBPC, mono-center |
Cognitive function, Mood | 240 mg TID vs. placebo x 4 weeks. | Intergroup differences in self-estimated mental health and self-estimated quality of life were significant with EGb 761®. |
| [53] | RDBPC | Cognitive function, Memory | 120 mg/day vs placebo x 30 days | EGb 761® improved memory processes, particularly working memory and memory consolidation. |
| [54] | RDBPC, fixed-dose | Cognitive function | 180 mg/day vs. placebo x 6 weeks | EGb 761® did not show significant changes in objective measures of memory. There were significant improvements in Stroop color and word tests. |
| [55] | RDBPC | Cognitive function | 240 mg/day vs. placebo x 12 weeks | No significant difference. |
| [56] | RDBPC | Cognitive function | 120 mg/day vs. placebo x 1 dose | No significant difference. |
| [57] | RDBPC, cross-over | Cognitive function | 120 mg/day (40 mg three times daily) vs. placebo daily x 12 weeks | Differential improvement in performance with EGb 761 on delayed recall for long-term storage and retrieval measure and inspection time. No differences between the two groups for POMS. Possible beneficial cognitive enhancement in EGb 761 group for older population. |
| [58] | RDBPC, parallel | Cognitive function | 120 mg/day (40 mg/mL) vs. placebo x 1 dose | No significant difference. |
| [59] | Open-label, observational study | Mood | 200 mg/day x 4 weeks | Preliminary result shows potential benefit to use Ginkgo biloba for ADD treatment. |
| [60] | RDBPC, multi-center |
Cognitive function | 240 mg/day vs. 160 mg/day vs. placebo x 24 weeks | No significant difference. |
aRandomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled.