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. 2022 Jan 3;9:806982. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.806982

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Copyright © 2022 Binner, Kogan, Panser, Schleiffer, Deneke and Pauli.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Spaca6 KO sperm is morphologically normal and motile. (A). Representative differential interference contrast (DIC) images of wild-type and spaca6 ^−/− sperm. Scale bar = 10 μm. (B). Measurements of the head area (left) and tail length (right) of wild-type and spaca6 ^−/− sperm. n.s, not significant (Mann-Whitney test, p > 0.05); error bars, SD; n = number of sperm. (C). Representative tracks of wild-type and spaca6 ^−/− sperm. Tracks (black arrows) were rotated and aligned at their origin. The relative displacement (grey dashed line) is overlaid. (D). Sperm speed and displacement (per 100 s). n.s, not significant (Mann-Whitney test, p > 0.05); error bars, SD; N = number of independent experiments; n = number of sperm.