Table 2.
Results of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)
| Code | Attitudinal statements | Loadings of factors extracted | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Convenience | Theft | Sexual harassment risk | Bus staff behaviour | Reliability & health | Image & status | Covid-19 risk | ||
| Psychological variables | ||||||||
| CON1 | I have to walk on a long way to access bus stops from/to home/university | 0.7401 | ||||||
| CON2 | I usually have to wait too long at bus stops | 0.8118 | ||||||
| CON3 | Changes in bus operations are not updated and communicated promptly | 0.5479 | ||||||
| CON4 | It is hard to find information on bus operations | 0.8265 | ||||||
| CON5 | I have to wake up too early to catch a bus to attend my classes on time | 0.8209 | ||||||
| PTR1 | I am concerned about losing my belongings at bus stops | 0.9243 | ||||||
| PTR2 | I am concerned about losing my belongings while getting on and off | 0.9206 | ||||||
| PTR3 | I am concerned about losing my belongings onboard | 0.8860 | ||||||
| PSR1 | I am concerned about sexual harassment at bus stops | 0.8527 | ||||||
| PSR2 | I concerned about sexual harassment while getting on and off | 0.8411 | ||||||
| PSR3 | I am concerned about sexual harassment on board | 0.8790 | ||||||
| PER1 | Drivers/ticket conductors do not pay enough attention to their uniform | 0.8317 | ||||||
| PER2 | Drivers/ticket conductors are often distracted (chatting, using cell phone) | 0.8691 | ||||||
| PER3 | Drivers/ticket conductors are not courteous to passengers | 0.8433 | ||||||
| HEA1 | I usually feel tired after trips from/to school | 0.7889 | ||||||
| REL1 | Buses usually run behind schedule | 0.8110 | ||||||
| REL2 | There are often differences between the posted and the actual bus schedule | 0.8189 | ||||||
| SV1 | Buses are responsible for congestion | 0.7959 | ||||||
| SV2 | Buses are responsible for pollution | 0.7027 | ||||||
| SV3 | Buses are responsible for collisions and accidents | 0.7951 | ||||||
| Disruption* | ||||||||
| PIR1 | The risk of Covid-19 community infection is high | 0.7505 | ||||||
| PIR1 | The risk of Covid-19 infection is high on public transport | 0.8579 | ||||||
| PIR1 | I may catch Covid-19 if the bus carries infected passengers | 0.7834 | ||||||
Items measured on a 7-point Likert scale; Number of observations: 594
Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity: chi-square = 7816.048; degrees of freedom = 253; p-value = 0.000 (H0: variables are not intercorrelated);
Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy = 0.797; Method: principal-component factors with eigenvalue > 1; Rotation: orthogonal oblimin (Kaiser on);
Retained factors = 7; Variance explained by six factors extracted: 0.7406; Score estimation method: Regression
*The other disruptor, the launch of electric buses, was measured through a binary question and therefore is not included here