Table 2. Independent predictors of mortality and disability in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Characteristics		Mortality (n=11,146)			Disability* (n=10,144)
		Hazard ratio	95% CI	p	Hazard ratio	95% CI	p
Age (yr)
	Each 10-year increase	2.02	1.95–2.10	<0.001	1.10	1.04–1.12	<0.001
Sex
	Female	0.55	0.49–0.61	<0.001	0.88	0.78–1.00	0.053
	Male	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
Income level†
	Low	1.36	1.21–1.53	<0.001	1.05	0.90–1.22	0.535
	Middle	1.11	0.98–1.26	0.103	1.00	0.86–1.16	0.968
	High	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
Hospital type
	Referral hospital	0.83	0.75–0.91	<0.001	0.94	0.83–1.06	0.305
	Nonreferral hospital	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
Hospitalization period
	≥30 days	0.99	0.88–1.12	0.906	3.36	2.92–3.87	<0.001
	<30 days	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
IVIG
	Yes	1.21	1.08–1.34	0.001	1.46	1.28–1.68	<0.001
	No	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
Plasmapheresis
	Yes	1.02	0.69–1.50	0.933	1.92	1.46–2.54	<0.001
	No	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
Tracheostomy
	Yes	1.92	1.61–2.30	<0.001	2.85	2.41–3.38	<0.001
	No	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference

^*GBS patients who had no physical disability at the time of GBS diagnosis; ^†Income levels were classified into three categories: 1) low (poorest 30% of the population), 2) middle (31%–70% of the population), and 3) high (richest 30% of the population).

CI, confidence interval; GBS, Guillain-Barré syndrome; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin.