Table 3. Different AXT-Loaded Nanocarriers Targted for Various Organsa.
| organ | indication | nanocomposite drug delivery | activity | route | ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| skin | AXT-NANE | enhance transformation of stratum corneum and permeation of AXT | dermal delivery | (314) | ||
| skin | wound in diabetic individuals | AXT-TP-KC NEs | accelerate wound healing/control of hyperglycemia | transdermal administration | (315) | |
| eye | inherited retinal degeneration (RD) | AXT- polysorbate 20 NEs | eliminate the abnormities in visual signal transmission and visual impairments | oral administration | (316) | |
| brain | OxyHb-induced neuronal damage/subarachnoid hemorrhage | AXT-Fe3O4 -Tf-PEG NPs | neuroprotective | not mentioned | (131) | |
| brain | AXT-Tf- PEG-Fe3O4 NPs | neuroprotective | not mentioned | (131) | ||
| brain | neurological disorders | AXT-SLNs | neuroprotective | nasal drug delivery | (317) | |
| liver | alcohol-induced hepatic injury | AXT-DC NPs | mice | hepatoprotective | oral administration | (318) |
| liver | acute hepatotoxicity | nanoliposomes | mice | hepatoprotective | oral administration | (79) |
| liver | alcoholic liver fibrosis | nanoliposomes | mice | hepatoprotective | oral administration | (319) |
a
Abbreviations: AXTDC NPs, astaxanthin-DNA/chitosan nanoparticles; SLNs, solid lipid nanoparticles; AXT- Fe3O4-Tf- PEG NPs, astaxanthin/Fe3O4/transferrin/PEG nanoparticles; NLCs and CDs, nanoscaled lipid carriers and cyclodextrins; NE, nanoemulsion; NLC, nanostructured lipid carriers; AXT-TP-KC NEs, astaxanthin/alphatocopherol/κ-carrageenan nanoemulsion