Table 2.
Clinical Characteristics of TBU and Nontubercular Uveitis (Non-TBU)
| Total | TBU | Non-TBU | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | 79 (100) | 49 (62) | 30 (38) | |
| Presumed: 41 (84) | ||||
| Confirmed: 8 (16) | ||||
| Anatomical classification | ||||
| Anterior | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| Intermediate | 2 (3) | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | |
| Posterior | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | |
| Panuveitis | 75 (95) | 47 (96) | 28 (94) | 0.632a |
| Course of uveitis (n = 77) | ||||
| Acute | 24 (32) | 10 (21) | 14 (48) | |
| Chronic | 47 (61) | 35 (73) | 12 (42) | 0.006 b |
| Recurrent | 6 (7) | 3 (6) | 3 (10) | |
| Fundus pathology | ||||
| Choroiditis type | ||||
| Multifocal (multiple lesions, each <4 mm) | 52 (66) | 34 (69) | 18 (60) | 0.393b |
| Serpiginous-like | 4 (5) | 4 (8) | 0 (0) | 0.292a |
| Diffuse | 11 (14) | 3 (6) | 8 (27) | 0.010 b |
| Granulomas (≥4 mm) | 7 (9) | 6 (13) | 1 (3) | 0.176b |
| Vasculitis only | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | 2 (7) | |
| No fundus lesions | 3c (4) | 2 (4) | 1 (3) | |
| Clinical signs5–8,d suggestive of intraocular tuberculosis | ||||
| Broad-based posterior synechiae | 18 (23) | 11 (22) | 7 (23) | 0.928b |
| Vasculitis | 39 (50) | 22 (46) | 17 (57) | 0.352b |
| Optic neuropathy | 4 (5) | 1 (2) | 3 (10) | 0.151a |
| Choroidal granulomas | 7 (12) | 6 (13) | 1 (3) | 0.176b |
| Serpiginous-like choroiditis | 4 (5) | 4 (8) | 0 (0) | 0.292a |
| Remission for 6 months duration after completing ATT (TBU, n = 35) or completing anti-inflammatory medication (non-TBU, n = 17) | 0.073b | |||
| Yes | 18 (35) | 15 (43) | 3 (18) | |
| No | 34 (65) | 20 (57) | 14 (82) | |
| Positive TST | 43 (54) | 43 (88) | 0 (0) | |
| Quantiferon-TB Gold (n = 78) | ||||
| Positive | 39 (50) | 38 (79) | 1e (3) | |
| Mtb PCR (n = 78) | ||||
| Negative | 67 (86) | 38 (79) | 29 (97) | |
| Indeterminatef | 3 (4) | 2 (4) | 1 (3) | |
| Positive | 8 (10) | 8 (17) | 0 (0) | |
| Viral PCR (n = 78) | ||||
| Varicella zoster virus | 3 (4) | 0 (0) | 3 (10) | |
| Epstein-Barr virus | 5 (6) | 1 (2) | 4 (13) | |
| Negative | 70 (90) | 47 (98) | 23 (77) |
a
Fishers exact test.
b
χ2 test.
c
Three cases had no fundus lesions; one had anterior uveitis and two intermediate uveitis.
d
References of studies suggestive of clinical signs of intraocular tuberculosis.
e
One case with a positive QuantiFERON test was classified as non-TBU because of a positive PCR for VZV.
f
Cycle threshold >35 cycles. Values are number (%). Boldface entries indicate statistical significance. ATT, antituberculosis treatment; Mtb, Mycobacterium tuberculosis detected by IS6110 and MPB64 [none detected by Gene Xpert]); PCR, polymerase chain reaction.