Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of active and sham groups

	Active group (n = 25)	Sham group (n = 11)	p-value
Age (years)	47.88 ± 14.8	41.60 ± 14.9	0.266a
Gender
Male	20 (80%)	7 (63.63%)	0.409b
Female	5 (20%)	4 (36.36%)
Disorders
CVS	17 (68%)	6 (54.55%)	0.344c
MS	3 (12%)	1 (9.09%)
SCI	4 (16%)	1 (9.09%)
Other	1 (4%)	3 (27.27%)
Duration (months)	42.74 ± 52.74	64.09 ± 67.07	0.175d

	Active (N = 76)	Sham (N = 44)	p-value
Baseline mAS	2.83 ± 0.78	2.8 ± 0.79	0.982d
Baseline eBTD	83.14 ± 47.27	85.68 ± 46.15	0.723d

N number of subjects, N number of individual muscles,

CVS Cerebrovascular Stroke, MS Multiple Sclerosis, SCI Spinal Cord Injury, n number of cases, mAS modified Ashworth Scale, eBTD estimated Botulinum Toxin Dose

^aIndependent-samples T-Test

^bFisher’s Exact Test

^cLikelihood ratio

^dMann Whitney Test