Figure 2.

Insulin receptors in the kidney, liver, skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue. In skeletal muscle, insulin promotes glucose utilization and storage with the help of increasing glucose transport and net glycogen synthesis. In liver, insulin activates glycogen synthesis by increasing lipogenic gene expression and decreasing gluconeogenic gene expression. Insulin suppresses lipolysis and increases glucose transport and lipogenesis in white adipocyte tissue. In kidney, insulin participate in the RAAS, SNS activation, and the balance of sodium retention and renin activation.