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. 2022 Jan 15;13:122–135. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.28170

Figure 5. Effect of cleaved GLI2 fragment on liver metastasis in CRC.

Figure 5

(A–D) Effect of LA on liver metastasis was examined in the orthotopic colon cancer models using CT26 cells-BALB/c mice and HT29 cells-nude mice. In GLI2 knockdown (KD) group, cells were knocked downed GLI2 before inoculation. In LA or KD+LA groups, mice were fed with 15% LA diet for the first week. (A, B) Growth of the primary tumors in the cecum. (Insert) Plasma LA concentration. (C, D) Number of the liver metastasis foci. Error bars indicate standard deviations of 5 mice. Statistical differences were calculated by chi-square test. (Insert) Protein levels of GLI2 and the cleaved GLI2 fragment examined by immunoblotting. (E) Protein levels of GLI2, cleaved GLI2 and SOX17 were examined in the 11 CRCs with serosal invasion (pT3) and a few nodal metastasis (pN1) by immunoblotting. Abbreviations: LA: linoleic acid; GLI: glioma-associated oncogene homolog; cGLI2: cleaved GLI2; SOX: SRY-box transcription factor; Cont: control.