Table 2.
Commonly used MC as a reinforcement.
| MC | Density (g/cc) | Melting point (°C) | Hardness (HV) | Morphology | Property exhibits |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group IV B | |||||
| TiC | 4.930 | 3066.9 | 3568.879 | Irregular/polygonal [58] | Superior hardness |
| ZrC | 6.730 | 3419 | 2640.971 | Agglomerated [59] | Thermal stability |
| HfC | 12.20 | 3920 | 2661.364 | Dendrite [60] | High resistance to oxidation |
|
| |||||
| Group V B | |||||
| VC | 5.770 | 2649.5 | 2763.332 | Irregular [60] | Grain growth inhibitor |
| NbC | 7.820 | 3611 | 1998.572 | Fragmented particles [61] | High wear resistance |
| TaC | 14.30 | 3880 | 1702.865 | Rippled surface [60] | High hardness |
|
| |||||
| Group VI B | |||||
| Cr2C3 | 6.680 | 1809 | 1835.424 | Spherical [62] | Low rate of oxidation |
| Mo2C | 9.150 | 2519 | 2498.216 | Irregular crystallites [62] | Exceptional thermal conductivity |
| WC | 15.63 | 2775 | 2243.296 | Irregular [63] | Increase the performance of wear and abrasion-resistant |
|
| |||||
| Group IV A | |||||
| SiC | 3.21 | 2731 | 2600 | Irregular [64] | Good strength and high wear resistance |
|
| |||||
| Group III A | |||||
| B4C | 2.52 | 2763 | 3299 | Fine particles and some nanoneedle structure [50, 65] | Wear resistance and high hardness, but brittle in nature |