Table 2.
Locations of amplifications and deletions in bone marrow‐ or lymph node‐derived disseminated tumor cells (BM‐ and LN‐DTCs) determined in a relevant number of cases. Locations are linked to the genes and products that may be involved. The GISTIC module identifies regions of the genome that are significantly amplified or deleted across a set of samples (https://www.genepattern.org/modules/docs/GISTIC_2.0).
| BM‐DTC (%) | LN‐DTC (%) | HNSCC GISTIC Q‐values [33] | Gene involved/affected product | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Location of amplification | ||||
| 11q13 | 60 | 4.3 | 0 |
CCND1 (Cyclin D1) FGF 3 and FGF 4 FADD |
| 8q24 | 53.3 | 2.3 | 5.3246e‐52 |
MYC (C‐myc) POU5F1B (Oct‐4) |
| 3q26 | 46.7 | 8.7 | 5.5054e‐119 | PIK3CA (PI3K‐AKT signaling cascade) |
| 17q22 | 33.3 | 8.7 | NA | RAD51C |
| 9q34 | 33.3 | 8.7 | 9.73e‐18 | NOTCH 1 |
| 5p15 | 9.1 | 8 | 2.092e‐53 |
PDCD6 (programmed cell death protein 6) CEP72 (Centrosomal Protein 72) |
| Location of deletion | ||||
| 4q35.2 | 40 | 4.3 | 3.5081e‐66 | FAT 1 |
| 18q12qter | 27.2 | 16 | 1.8465e‐65 |
ADNP2 (Activity‐dependent neuroprotector homeobox) PARD6G (Par‐6 Family Cell Polarity Regulator Gamma) |
| 9p21 | 26.7 | 4.3 | 7.4273e‐160 | CDKN2A (cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, p16/INK4A) |
| 13q12q14, 13q21q22 13q31q32 | 26.7 | 4.3 | 7.6449e‐16 |
BRCA2, RB1 (Dysplasia into CIS (carcinoma in situ)) |