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. 2021 Jul 15;75(1):169–177. doi: 10.1007/s12020-021-02822-x

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — KA inhibits cell growth and colony formation capacity. A Thyroid cancer cell lines were treated with the indicated concentrations of KA for 24 h, followed by MTT assay to evaluate cell growth. IC50 values were calculated using the Reed–Muench method. B Selected four thyroid cancer cell lines were treated with the indicated concentrations of KA or vehicle control (DMSO) at the indicated time point, followed by MTT assay to evaluate the time course of cell proliferation. C Representative images of colony formation in 8505C, TPC-1, K1, and C643 cells treated with vehicle control (DMSO) or KA at the indicated concentrations are shown individually. Quantitative analysis of colony numbers is shown in right panel. Data are presented as mean ± SD of values from three different measurements. Statistically significant differences are indicated: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 for comparison with control; ^▲▲p < 0.01; ^▲▲▲p < 0.001 for comparison with KA in 2 μM concentration; ^#p < 0.05; ^##p < 0.01; ^###p < 0.001 for comparison with KA in 3 μM concentration