Table 3.

Association of Menopause Status (Post- vs Premenopause) With Biomarkers of Gut Barrier Dysfunction, Innate Immune Activation, and Inflammation in Linear Mixed Effects Models

Model	log(IFAB, pg/mL)		sCD14, ng/mL		sCD163, ng/mL		log(IL-6, pg/mL)		log(TNFR1, pg/mL)
	β (95% CI)	P	β (95% CI)	P	β (95% CI)	P	β (95% CI)	P	β (95% CI)	P
1	0.29 (.15 to .42)	<.01	175.08 (64.86 to 285.3)	<.01	36.46 (−12.99 to 85.9)	.15	0.09 (−.05 to .24)	.20	0.06 (−.02 to .13)	.12
2	0.09 (−.08 to .27)	.30	146.45 (−2.19 to 295.1)	.05	50.69 (−10.85 to 112.23)	.11	−0.04 (−.23 to .15)	.71	0.04 (−.06 to .14)	.40
3	0.10 (−.08 to .28)	.27	175.25 (30.21 to 320.28)	.02	55.94 (−3.07 to 114.95)	.06	−0.03 (−.22 to .16)	.75	0.05 (−.04 to .15)	.28
4	0.07 (−.10 to .25)	.41	161.89 (18.37 to 305.41)	.03	65.48 (6.64 to 124.33)	.03	−0.01 (−.18 to .17)	.93	0.06 (−.04 to .15)	.24

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IFAB, intestinal fatty acid binding protein; IL-6, interleukin 6; TNFR1, tumor necrosis factor receptor 1.

All models include a random intercept. Model 1 is unadjusted for covariates; model 2 adjusts for age only; model 3 adjusts for age, race, ethnicity, hormonal contraceptive use, HIV load, and CD4 cell count; model 4 adjusts for all variables in model 3 plus country of birth, alcohol use, smoking status, drug use, educational attainment, employment status, BMI, diabetes, and hypertension. Number of unique IDs and person-visits, respectively, included in each model are: IFAB, sCD14, sCD163 (350, 674), IL-6 (349, 672), TNFR1 (350, 672). β represents difference in each outcome for post- compared to pre-menopausal women.