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. 2022 Jan 17;12:827. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-04804-z

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The rates of consumption and secretion of extracellular metabolites at day 1 (myoblasts) and day 7 (myotubes) in DMEM, Serum, B27, and AIM-V cultures. The medium was collected from day 0 to 1 and 6 to 7, representing day 1 and 7, respectively. (A) The rate of glucose consumption. (B) The rate of glutamine consumption. (C) The rate of lactate secretion. (D) The ratio of lactate secretion to glucose production. (n) = 4. The student’s t-test was performed to compare day 1 and day 7 in each different culture. *p < 0.05. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test was performed for the multiple comparisons. #p < 0.05 versus Serum, B27, and AIM-V at each cultivation day. &p < 0.05 versus DMEM, B27, and AIM-V at each cultivation day. a–c, different letters in the same day indicate the significant statistical difference. Data presented as average ± standard deviation (SD).