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. 2022 Jan 17;12:827. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-04804-z

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Principle component analysis (PCA) of intracellular metabolites datasets of C2C12 myoblasts (day 1) and myotubes (day 7) cultured in Serum, B27, and AIM-V. (A) Score plot of PC2 versus PC1. The individual shaded area presents the 95% confidence interval of the group. (B) Biplot. In total, 66% of the data variation is explained by PC1 and PC2. A1, B1, and S1 indicate AIM-V, B27, and Serum culture at day 1, and A7, B7, and S7 indicate AIM-V, B27, and Serum culture at day 7. Significantly increased metabolites in myotubes (day 7) versus myoblasts (day 1) cultured in Serum, B27, and AIM-V mediums. (C) Absolute intracellular concentration (M) of GL3P. (D) Absolute intracellular concentration (M) of UDP-GlcNAc in Serum, B27, and AIM-V culture. (E) The ratio of UDP/UDP-GlcNAc, indicating O-GlcNAcylation. (n) = 4. The student’s t-test was performed to compare day 1 and day 7 in each different culture. *p < 0.05. Data presented as average ± standard deviation (SD).