Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate linear regression models predicting LVEF (%), average GLS (%), and E/A ratio for different metabolic biomarkers, adjusted for age (years), gender, BMI (kg/m2), SBP (mmHg), DBP (mmHg), diabetes, MAFLD vs. control.
| Dependent variable | Predictor | B unadjusted | (95% CI) | P-value | B adjusted | (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LVEF (%) | LPC (18:2/0:0) × 10−6 | 1.244 | (0.1–2.388) | 0.037 | 0.477 | (−1.685–2.639) | 0.667 |
| MAFLD | −3.152 | (−6.205–−0.099) | 0.047 | −2.915 | (−9.941–4.111) | 0.42 | |
| LVEF (%) | LPC (22:6) × 10−5 | 0.45 | (−1.04–1.94) | 0.559 | −0.47 | (−2.25–1.3) | 0.605 |
| MAFLD | −3.15 | (−6.21–−0.1) | 0.047 | −3.99 | (−10.4–2.42) | 0.231 | |
| LVEF (%) | Glycyl tyrosine × 10−6 | 3.148 | (2.57–3.727) | <0.001 | 2.367 | (1.34–3.394) | < 0.001 |
| MAFLD | −3.152 | (−6.205–−0.099) | 0.047 | −1.318 | (−7.129–4.493) | 0.658 | |
| LVEF (%) | Cer (d18:0/23:0) × 10−4 | 0.175 | (−1.293–1.643) | 0.816 | −0.297 | (−1.691–1.098) | 0.679 |
| MAFLD | −3.152 | (−6.205–−0.099) | 0.047 | −2.344 | (−8.934–4.247) | 0.49 | |
| Average GLS (%) | LPC (18:2/0:0) × 10−6 | 0.957 | (0.446–1.468) | <0.001 | 0.154 | (−0.485–0.793) | 0.639 |
| MAFLD | −3.285 | (−4.481–−2.088) | <0.001 | −0.01 | (−2.213–2.193) | 0.993 | |
| Average GLS (%) | LPC (22:6) × 10−5 | 0.36 | (−0.09–0.81) | 0.126 | −0.23 | (−0.75–0.3) | 0.403 |
| MAFLD | −3.28 | (−4.48–−2.09) | <0.001 | 0.25 | (−1.95–2.45) | 0.828 | |
| Average GLS (%) | Glycyl tyrosine × 10−6 | 0.646 | (0.148–1.143) | 0.013 | −0.222 | (−0.65–0.206) | 0.313 |
| MAFLD | −3.285 | (−4.481–−2.088) | <0.001 | 0.332 | (−1.583–2.247) | 0.735 | |
| Average GLS (%) | Cer (d18:0/23:0) × 10−4 | 0.284 | (−0.337–0.905) | 0.375 | −0.459 | (−1.005–0.086) | 0.107 |
| MAFLD | −3.285 | (−4.481–−2.088) | <0.001 | 0.561 | (−2.082–3.204) | 0.68 | |
| E/A ratio | LPC (18:2/0:0) × 10−6 | 0.214 | (0.122–0.306) | <0.001 | 0.133 | (0.008–0.258) | 0.042 |
| MAFLD | −0.626 | (−0.839–−0.412) | <0.001 | 0.205 | (−0.13–0.539) | 0.236 | |
| E/A ratio | LPC (22:6) × 10−5 | 0.12 | (0.01–0.23) | 0.043 | 0.02 | (−0.09–0.13) | 0.668 |
| MAFLD | −0.63 | (−0.84–−0.41) | <0.001 | 0.13 | (−0.24–0.51) | 0.494 | |
| E/A ratio | Glycyl tyrosine × 10−6 | 0.17 | (0.092–0.247) | <0.001 | 0.03 | (−0.066–0.125) | 0.548 |
| MAFLD | −0.626 | (−0.839–−0.412) | <0.001 | −0.054 | (−0.379–0.271) | 0.746 | |
| E/A ratio | Cer (d18:0/23:0) × 10−4 | 0.142 | (0.047–0.237) | 0.005 | −0.001 | (−0.121–0.119) | 0.988 |
| MAFLD | −0.626 | (−0.839–−0.412) | <0.001 | −0.015 | (−0.447–0.416) | 0.945 |
BMI Body mass index, Cer ceramide, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, LPC lysophosphatidylcholine, LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction, MAFLD Metabolic-dysfunction- associated fatty liver disease, SBP Systolic blood pressure.