TABLE 1.
Occurrence of phyla in the rhizosphere of T. aestivum, as documented by culture-independent methods.
| Phyla | Occurrence (%)a |
Number (and listb) of T. aestivum genotypes | Number of countries | References | ||
| Min | Max | Mean | ||||
| Bacteria | ||||||
| Proteobacteria | 16.5 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 52.0 (Villa Saboya, Argentina; l) | 38.6 | 14 (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, NS) | 5 | Turner et al., 2013; Donn et al., 2015; Rascovan et al., 2016; Mahoney et al., 2017; Fan et al., 2018; Tkacz et al., 2020; Prudence et al., 2021 |
| Acidobacteria | 0.5 (Gundibinyal, Australia; k) | 23.4 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 11.5 | 14 (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, NS) | 5 | Turner et al., 2013; Donn et al., 2015; Rascovan et al., 2016; Mahoney et al., 2017; Fan et al., 2018; Tkacz et al., 2020; Prudence et al., 2021 |
| Actinobacteria | 1.0 (Villa Saboya, Argentina; l) | 26.0 (Gundibinyal, Australia; k) | 12.9 | 14 (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, NS) | 5 | Turner et al., 2013; Donn et al., 2015; Rascovan et al., 2016; Mahoney et al., 2017; Fan et al., 2018; Tkacz et al., 2020; Prudence et al., 2021 |
| Bacteroidetes | 0.9 (Villa Saboya, Argentina; l) | 28.0 (Pullman, WA; g) | 14.6 | 14 (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, NS) | 5 | Turner et al., 2013; Donn et al., 2015; Rascovan et al., 2016; Mahoney et al., 2017; Fan et al., 2018; Tkacz et al., 2020; Prudence et al., 2021 |
| Chloroflexi | 0.5 (Northern China; NS) | 6.3 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 0.9 | 7 (a, k, l, NS) | 4 | Donn et al., 2015; Fan et al., 2018; Tkacz et al., 2020; Prudence et al., 2021 |
| Cyanobacteria | 0.5 (Norwich, UK; a) | 3.0 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 0.2 | 1 (a) | 2 | Turner et al., 2013; Tkacz et al., 2020 |
| Firmicutes | 9.6 (Norwich, UK; a) | 20.9 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 2.9 | 2 (a, NS) | 3 | Turner et al., 2013; Rascovan et al., 2016; Prudence et al., 2021 |
| Armatimonadetes | 1.0 (Pullman, WA; d) | 4.6 (Pullman, WA; e) | 1.2 | 9 (b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) | 1 | Mahoney et al., 2017 |
| Planctomycetes | 0.2 (Northern China; NS) | 8.9 (Villa Saboya, Argentina; l) | 1.0 | 4 (a, h, l, NS) | 3 | Turner et al., 2013; Rascovan et al., 2016; Mahoney et al., 2017; Fan et al., 2018 |
| Saccharibacteria | 2.0 (Pullman, WA; i) | 4.0 (Pullman, WA; b) | 2.0 | 9 (b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) | 1 | Mahoney et al., 2017 |
| Gemmatimonadetes | 0.5 (Northern China; NS) | 7.0 (Pullman, WA; b) | 2.3 | 10 (b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, NS) | 2 | Fan et al., 2018; Naz et al., 2018 |
| Verrucomicrobia | 0.7 (Northern China; NS) | 10.2 (Villa Saboya, Argentina; l) | 2.7 | 12 (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, l, NS) | 4 | Turner et al., 2013; Rascovan et al., 2016; Mahoney et al., 2017; Tkacz et al., 2020; Prudence et al., 2021 |
| Other taxa | 2.0 (Villa Saboya, Argentina; l) | 23.5 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 2.2 | 2 (a, l) | 3 | Turner et al., 2013; Rascovan et al., 2016; Prudence et al., 2021 |
| Unidentified taxa | 1.0 (Pullman, WA; e) | 71.6 (Northern China; NS) | 7.12 | 11 (b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) | 2 | Donn et al., 2015; Mahoney et al., 2017 |
| Archaea | ||||||
| Euryarchaeota | 24.5 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 24.5 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 6.1 | 1 (a) | 1 | Prudence et al., 2021 |
| Thaumarchaeota | 22.2 (Northern China; NS) | 100.0 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 74.3 | 3 (a, NS) | 3 | Fan et al., 2018; Szoboszlay et al., 2019; Tkacz et al., 2020; Prudence et al., 2021 |
| Other taxa | 0.2 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 0.2 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 0.05 | 1 (a) | 1 | Prudence et al., 2021 |
| Unidentified taxa | 0.4 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 77.8 (Northern China; NS) | 19.6 | 2 (a, NS) | 2 | Fan et al., 2018; Prudence et al., 2021 |
| Fungi | ||||||
| Zygomycota | 16.0 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 16.0 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 2.7 | 1 (a) | 1 | Tkacz et al., 2020 |
| Glomeromycota | 0.5 (Bethlehem, South Africa; o) | 1.5 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 0.8 | 4 (a, m, n, o) | 2 | Gqozo et al., 2020; Tkacz et al., 2020 |
| Chytridiomycota | 0.9 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 22.3 (Pretoria, South Africa; n) | 5.4 | 4 (m, n, o, p) | 2 | Gqozo et al., 2020; Tkacz et al., 2020 |
| Basidiomycota | 0.5 (Hangzhou, China; NS) | 24.3 (Bethlehem, South Africa; o) | 12.6 | 5 (a, m, n, o, NS) | 3 | Smit et al., 1999; Lu et al., 2018; Tkacz et al., 2020 |
| Ascomycota | 28.3 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 60.6 (Napier, South Africa; m) | 45.4 | 6 (a, m, n, o, NS) | 3 | Fan et al., 2018; Lu et al., 2018; Gqozo et al., 2020; Tkacz et al., 2020 |
| Other taxa | 12.6 (Bethlehem, South Africa; o) | 39.5 (Bawburgh, UK; a) | 14.2 | 4 (a, m, n, NS) | 2 | Gqozo et al., 2020; Tkacz et al., 2020 |
| Unidentified taxa | 51.0 (Northern China; NS) | 63.5 (Hangzhou, China; NS) | 19.1 | 2 (NS) | 1 | Lu et al., 2018 |
Min and Max correspond to minimum and maximum occurrences observed for each phylum in the specified references, after combining data from all replicate plants of one genotype (indicated between parentheses), at one growth stage, for one treatment in one soil of one geographic location (indicated between parentheses). For each phylum, the mean is calculated from all the values obtained from the different geographic locations and T. aestivum genotypes.
aAbbrevations are used to designate United Kingdom (UK) and Washington State (WA).
bGenotypes were cultivars Paragon (a), Madsen (b), PI561725 (c), Eltan (d), Finch (e), Hill81 (f), Lewjain (g), PI561722 (h), PI561726 (i), PI561725 (j), Janz (k), Cadenza (l), SST88 (m), Kariega (n), Eland (o) or were not specified (NS).