Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population in the training set.
| Total no. (%) | No lung cancer, n (%) | Lung cancer, n (%) | χ2 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All participants | 107382 | 107196 | 186 | ||
| Person-years, median(IQR) | 2.95 (1.71-4.83) | 2.95 (1.71-4.83) | 1.47 (0.78-2.33) | ||
| Age, mean ± SD, years | 55.16 ± 8.78 | 55.14 ± 8.78 | 61.53 ± 7.47 | ||
| Age (years) | 98.24 | <0.001 | |||
| 40-44 | 14028 (13.06) | 14021 (99.95) | 7 (0.05) | ||
| 45-49 | 20109 (18.73) | 20101 (99.96) | 8 (0.04) | ||
| 50-54 | 19769 (18.41) | 19750 (99.90) | 19 (0.10) | ||
| 55-59 | 16083 (14.98) | 16054 (99.82) | 29 (0.18) | ||
| 60-64 | 17556 (16.35) | 17508 (99.73) | 48 (0.27) | ||
| 65-69 | 14356 (13.37) | 14302 (99.62) | 54 (0.38) | ||
| 70-74 | 5481 (5.10) | 5460 (99.62) | 21 (0.38) | ||
| Gender | 16.73 | <0.001 | |||
| Male | 31531 (29.36) | 31451 (99.75) | 80 (0.25) | ||
| Female | 75851 (70.64) | 75745 (99.86) | 106 (0.14) | ||
| Race | 0.44 | 0.506 | |||
| Han nationality | 105549 (98.29) | 105365 (99.83) | 184 (0.17) | ||
| Others | 1833 (1.71) | 1831 (99.89) | 2 (0.11) | ||
| Educationa | 14.34 | 0.001 | |||
| Low | 20139 (18.75) | 20086 (99.74) | 53 (0.26) | ||
| Medium | 71634 (66.71) | 71517 (99.84) | 117 (0.16) | ||
| High | 15609 (14.54) | 15593 (99.90) | 16 (0.10) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 2.82 | 0.419 | |||
| <18.5 | 1381 (1.29) | 1377 (99.71) | 4 (0.29) | ||
| 18.5-23.9 | 47588 (44.32) | 47498 (99.81) | 90 (0.19) | ||
| 24.0-28.0 | 46882 (43.66) | 46810 (99.85) | 72 (0.15) | ||
| ≥28.0 | 11531 (10.74) | 11511 (99.83) | 20 (0.17) | ||
| Vegetables intake | 0.03 | 0.861 | |||
| ≥2.5kg/week | 56467 (52.59) | 56368 (99.82) | 99 (0.18) | ||
| <2.5kg/week | 50915 (47.41) | 50828 (99.83) | 87 (0.17) | ||
| Fruit intake | 0.07 | 0.785 | |||
| ≥1.25kg/week | 63026 (58.69) | 62915 (99.82) | 111 (0.18) | ||
| <1.25kg/week | 44356 (41.31) | 44281 (99.83) | 75 (0.17) | ||
| Roughage intake | 0.47 | 0.492 | |||
| ≥0.5kg/week | 73524 (68.47) | 73401 (99.83) | 123 (0.17) | ||
| <0.5kg/week | 33858 (31.53) | 33795 (99.81) | 63 (0.19) | ||
| Heavy-slat diet | 1.57 | 0.209 | |||
| No | 88623 (82.53) | 88463 (99.82) | 160 (0.18) | ||
| Yes | 18759 (17.47) | 18733 (99.86) | 26 (0.14) | ||
| Heavy-grease diet | 0.07 | 0.793 | |||
| No | 89672 (83.51) | 89518 (99.83) | 154 (0.17) | ||
| Yes | 17710 (16.49) | 17678 (99.82) | 32 (0.18) | ||
| Cooking oil fume exposure | 0.03 | 0.853 | |||
| None or a little | 95144 (88.60) | 94980 (99.83) | 164 (0.17) | ||
| A lot | 12238 (11.40) | 12216 (99.82) | 22 (0.18) | ||
| Passive smoking | 4.65 | 0.031 | |||
| No | 76618 (71.35) | 76472 (99.81) | 146 (0.19) | ||
| Yes | 30764 (28.65) | 30724 (99.87) | 40 (0.13) | ||
| Alcohol Drinking | 0.46 | 0.794 | |||
| Never | 96004 (89.40) | 95835 (99.82) | 169 (0.18) | ||
| Current | 9598 (8.94) | 9584 (99.85) | 14 (0.15) | ||
| Former | 1780 (1.66) | 1777 (99.83) | 3 (0.17) | ||
| Physical activity | 3.38 | 0.066 | |||
| Moderate or no | 56293 (52.42) | 56208 (99.85) | 85 (0.15) | ||
| Heavy | 51089 (47.58) | 50988 (99.80) | 101 (0.20) | ||
| Family history of lung cancer | 4.69 | 0.030 | |||
| No | 99660 (92.81) | 99495 (99.83) | 165 (0.17) | ||
| Yes | 7722 (7.19) | 7701 (99.73) | 21 (0.27) | ||
| History of chronic respiratory disease | 1.93 | 0.165 | |||
| No | 93185 (86.78) | 93030 (99.83) | 155 (0.17) | ||
| Yes | 14197 (13.22) | 14166 (99.78) | 31 (0.22) | ||
| History of tuberculosis | 4.58 | 0.032 | |||
| No | 106230 (98.93) | 106049 (99.83) | 181 (0.17) | ||
| Yes | 1152 (1.07) | 1147 (99.57) | 5 (0.43) | ||
| History of chronic bronchitis | 1.55 | 0.213 | |||
| No | 96485 (89.85) | 96323 (99.83) | 162 (0.17) | ||
| Yes | 10897 (10.15) | 10873 (99.78) | 24 (0.22) | ||
| History of emphysema | 4.51 | 0.034 | |||
| No | 106543 (99.22) | 106361 (99.83) | 182 (0.17) | ||
| Yes | 839 (0.78) | 835 (99.52) | 4 (0.48) | ||
| History of asthma bronchiectasis | 0.01 | 0.925 | |||
| No | 104612 (97.42) | 104431 (99.83) | 181 (0.17) | ||
| Yes | 2770 (2.58) | 2765 (99.82) | 5 (0.18) | ||
| History of hyperlipidemia | 0.50 | 0.481 | |||
| No | 91561 (85.27) | 91399 (99.82) | 162 (0.18) | ||
| Yes | 15821 (14.73) | 15797 (99.85) | 24 (0.15) |
aLow, primary school or below; Medium, junior or senior high school; High, undergraduate or over.
IQR, Interquartile range; BMI, body mass index.