Table 1.
Summary of the 14 different types of anthocyanin repressors or repression modules discussed in this review. Note that this table is meant to provide a quick overview of the repressor diversity, not a comprehensive list of known examples.
| Repressor (module) | Exemplar species | Representative Genes | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| S4 R2R3-MYB | Arabidopsis, strawberry (Fragaria), Petunia, grape (Vitis), poplar (Populus), apple (Malus) | AtMYB4, FaMYB1, PhMYB27, VvMYB2-L1, PtMYB182, MdMYB16 | Jin et al., 2000; Aharoni et al., 2001; Albert et al., 2014; Cavallini et al., 2015; Yoshida et al., 2015; Xu et al., 2017 |
| S4-derived R3-MYB | Arabidopsis, Iochroma, lily (Lilium) | AtMYBL2, IlMYBL1, LhR3MYB1/2 | Dubos et al., 2008; Matsui et al., 2008; Gates et al., 2018; Sakai et al., 2019 |
| CPC-type R3-MYB | Arabidopsis, Petunia, Mimulus, tomato (Solanum), Freesia, grape hyacinth (Muscari) | AtCPC, PhMYBx, MlROI1, MlRTO, SlMYBATV, FhMYBx, MaMYBx | Zhu et al., 2009; Yuan et al., 2013; Albert et al., 2014; Cao et al., 2017; Colandero et al., 2018; Ding et al., 2020; Li et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2020 |
| SPL | Arabidopsis | AtSPL9 | Gou et al., 2011 |
| miRNA | Arabidopsis, tomato (Solanum) | miR828, miR858 | Rajagopalan et al., 2006; Luo et al., 2012; Jia et al., 2015 |
| HD-ZIP | Arabidopsis, apple (Malus) | AtGLABRA2, MdHB1, AtHAT1 | Wang et al., 2015; Jiang et al., 2017; Zheng et al., 2018 |
| COP1-HY5 | Arabidopsis, eggplant and tomato (Solanum), apple (Malus), pear (Pyrus) | AtCOP1-AtHY5, SmCOP1-SmHY5, SlHY5, MdHY5, MdCOP1, PpCOP1-PpHY5 | Catalá et al., 2011; Li et al., 2012; Maier et al., 2013; Shin et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2016; Jiang et al., 2016; Kim et al., 2017; Park et al., 2017; An et al., 2017; Liu et al., 2018; Tao et al., 2018 |
| LBD | Arabidopsis, grapes (Vitis),apple (Malus) | AtLBD37/38/39, VvLBD39, MdLBD13, MdLOB52 | Rubin et al., 2009; Soubeyrand et al., 2014; Li et al., 2017; Wang, Y et al., 2018b |
| NAC | Arabidopsis, Brassica | AtJUB1, BoNAC019 | Wu et al., 2012; Wang, J et al., 2018 |
| TCP | Arabidopsis | AtTCP15 | Viola et al., 2016 |
| SCFCOI1-JAZ | Arabidopsis, apple (Malus) | AtJAZ1, MdJAZ2 | Shan et al., 2009; Qi et al., 2011; An et al., 2014 |
| SCFTIR1-Aux/IAA-ARF | apple (Malus) | MdARF13 | Wang, Y et al., 2018a |
| D14-SCFD3-D53 | Arabidopsis | AtSMXL6 | Wang et al., 2020 |
| GID1-SCFGID2-DELLA | Arabidopsis | DELLA | Jiang et al., 2007; Li et al., 2014; Qi et al., 2014; Xie et al., 2016 |