FIG 5.

Inhibition of interferon signaling pathway affects the syncytium formation in the CDV-OS-infected ALI cultures. The potent JAK/STAT signaling pathway inhibitor ruxolitinib (2.5 μM) was supplied in the canine ALI medium 3 days prior to DH82/canine ALI coculture and during the experiments. After 3 days of coculturing CDV-OS-preinfected DH82 and canine ALI cultures, the samples were fixed by 3% PFA, and the ciliated cells were stained with Cy3-conjugated antibody against β-tubulin. The CDV-OS-infected cells showed a green color under the Leica SP5 confocal fluorescence microscope. (Upper) X-Y view of ruxolitinib-treated (A) and mock-treated (B) canine ALI culture groups; (lower) Z-section view of the CDV-OS-positive foci. The nuclei of the cells were counterstained with DAPI, shown in blue. Bar, 20 μm.