Fig. 4.

Main procedure in experiments 1 and 2: In experiment 1, participants received cTBS either over DLPFC or vertex prior to exposure. In experiment 2, participants performed a dual working-memory task under HCL or LCL conditions or did not perform a task prior to exposure. Exposure started with a random stream for 5 min, after which a structured stream was presented for 20 min. A short break (10 s) was inserted every ∼5 min. EEG was recorded throughout. Participants watched a silent nature documentary during the exposure. After a 15-min break, participants completed a postexposure recognition test that examined implicit and explicit memory of the hidden words through memory judgement. During the exposure and the break, participants were not aware that the behavioral test would include segments of the syllable sequences.