Table 3.
Associations between higher adherence to the MedDiet and outcomes
| Outcome | Author (year) | Sample size | Main finding | Measure of association |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biochemical pregnancy | Vujkovik (2010) [54] | 161 couples | + | adjusted OR (95% CI) (ref not stated): 1.4 (1.0–1.9) |
| Karayiannis (2018) [49] | 244 women | no appreciable association | adjusted RR (95% CI) Q1-Q3: 0.62 (0.28–1.36), 0.81 (0.39–1.65), 1.00 (ref) | |
| Gaskins (2019) [48] | 357 womena | no appreciable association | adjusted proportion (95% CI) Q1-Q4: 0.49 (0.41–0.57), 0.62 (0.53–0.69), 0.64 (0.55–0.72), 0.55 (0.47–0.63) | |
| Sun (2019) [52] | 167 women | no appreciable association | (binary) high adherence = 29.97%, low adherence = 31.75% | |
| Clinical pregnancy | Karayiannis (2018) [49] | 244 women | + Age < 35 years |
adjusted RR (as a continuous variable) (95% CI): Age < 35 years 1.22 (1.05–1.43) Age ≥ 35 1.00 (0.92–1.09) adjusted RR Q1-Q3 (95%CI): all women 0.35 (0.16–0.78), 0.81 (0.41–1.59), 1.00 (ref) |
| Gaskins (2019) [48] | 357 women1 | no appreciable association | adjusted proportion (95% CI) Q1-Q4: 0.43 (0.35–0.50), 0.56 (0.47–0.64), 0.57 (0.48–0.66), 0.48 (0.40–0.56) | |
| Ricci (2019) [50] | 474 women | + Age > 35b |
adjusted RR of not achieving pregnancy Q1-Q3 (95% CI): Age ≤ 35 1 (ref), 0.96 (0.80–1.14), 0.99 (0.81–1.20) Age > 35 1 (ref), 0.84 (0.70–1.00), 0.94 (0.81–1.20) all women 1 (ref), 0.95 (0.86–1.05), 0.98 (0.87–1.09) |
|
| Sun (2019) [52] | 167 women | no appreciable association | (binary) high adherence = 42.62%, low adherence = 50.94% | |
| Live birth | Karayiannis (2018) [49] | 244 women | + Age < 35 years |
adjusted RR (as a continuous variable) (95% CI): Age < 35 1.25 (1.07–1.45) Age ≥ 35 1.01 (0.93–1.11) adjusted RR Q1-Q3 (95%CI): all women 0.32 (0.14–0.71), 0.78 (0.39–1.54), 1.00 (ref) |
| Gaskins (2019) [48] | 357 women1 | + c | adjusted proportion (95% CI) Q1-Q4: 0.31 (0.25–0.39), 0.47 (0.39–0.55), 0.44 (0.36–0.49), 0.41 (0.34–0.49) | |
| Ricci (2019) [50] | 474 women | Null |
adjusted RR Q1-Q3 (95% CI) Age ≤ 35 1.00 (ref), 1.00 (0.81–1.21), 1.00 (0.79–1.26) Age > 35 1.00 (ref), 0.96 (0.84–1.10), 0.97 (0.84–1.12) all women 1 (ref), 1.00 (0.90–1.11), 0.99 (0.89–1.11) |
+ = positive association
a the sample contributed 608 ART ‘cycles’ and adjustments were made for unbalanced study design (different number of cycles contributed per woman)
b positive association for Q2 vs Q1 only
cQ2 vs Q1 only