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. 2022 Jan 4;12:795044. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.795044

Table 6.

Comparison of the baseline of general clinical characteristics and biochemical indicators between 42 subsequent new MetS and 218 subsequent non-MetS.

Variables Subsequent non-MetSn = 218 Subsequent new MetSn = 42 P-value
Female, N (%) 131 (60.09%) 20 (47.62%) 0.198
Current smoker, N (%) 48 (22.02%) 11 (26.19%) 0.531
Alcohol drinker, N (%) 88 (40.37%) 18 (42.86%) 0.749
Moderate exercise, N (%) 107 (49.08%) 17 (40.48%) 0.334
Age (years) 53.01 ± 6.34 53.49 ± 7.46 0.856
BMI (kg/m2) 22.44 ± 2.47 25.07 ± 1.96 <0.001*
WC (cm) 75.35 ± 7.71 83.19 ± 6.04 <0.001*
WHR 0.85 ± 0.06 0.90 ± 0.05 <0.001*
Fat% (%) 27.58 ± 6.76 30.95 ± 5.06 0.007*
SFA (cm2) 141.3 (110.3, 189.35) 155.3 (126.6, 203.9) 0.112
VFA (cm2) 63.66 (36.42, 89.54) 104.5 (66.68, 128.75) <0.001*
SBP (mmHg) 119.27 ± 14.90 125.50 ± 15.26 0.023*
DBP (mmHg) 80.65 ± 16.08 84.01 ± 9.35 0.268
FPG (mmol/L) 4.95 ± 0.84 5.09 ± 0.97 0.361
2h-PG (mmol/L) 5.91 ± 2.79 6.55 ± 3.39 0.225
FINS (mIU/L) 10.39 (6.87, 13.33) 13.67 (8.61, 18.64) <0.001*
2 h insulin (mIU/L) 37.25 (24.60, 60.30) 56.29 (32.17, 87.59) 0.034*
HOMA-IR 2.13 (1.49, 3.07) 3.09 (1.99, 4.20) <0.001*
HbA1c (%) 5.65 ± 0.63 5.61 ± 0.59 0.689
CHOL (mmol/L) 5.52 ± 1.09 5.58 ± 0.85 0.738
TG (mmol/L) 1.19 (0.80, 1.54) 1.62 (1.26, 2.47) 0.002*
LDL-c (mmol/L) 2.41 ± 0.56 2.40 ± 0.53 0.948
HDL-c (mmol/L) 1.51 ± 0.38 1.28 ± 0.34 0.001*
ALT (IU/L) 19 (14, 26) 21 (16, 27.75) 0.657
AST (IU/L) 20 (17, 23) 20 (17.25, 24.75) 0.688
CREA (mg/dl) 0.80 ± 0.16 0.84 ± 0.26 0.709
BUN (mmol/L) 16.76 ± 3.59 16.11 ± 3.55 0.318
UA (mg/dl) 4.58 ± 1.39 5.34 ± 1.84 0.002*
UACR (mg/mmol) 4.43 (2.79, 12.09) 4.59 (3.13, 7.03) 0.15

After a 5-year follow-up, 260 non-MetS were followed up effectively, of which 42 developed new MetS. Statistical differences between subsequent new MetS and subsequent non-MetS are shown as *P < 0.05.

MetS, metabolic syndrome; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; Fat%, body fat percentage; SFA, subcutaneous fat area; VFA, visceral fat area; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting blood glucose; 2h-PG, 2-h postprandial glucose; FINS, fasting serum insulin; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CREA, serum creatinine; BUN, serum urea nitrogen; UA, uric acid; UACR, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio.