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. 2021 Nov 29;26:104. doi: 10.4103/jrms.JRMS_560_20

Table 4.

The SGA odds ratio after confounding variables adjusted with PAPP-A<0.4 and β-hCG >3

Variables OR SGA (birth weight<10th centile)

95% CI (lower–upper) P
Pregnant woman’s age 1.003 0.791–1.036 0.875
Spouse’s age 0.953 0.923–0.948 0.003
Age difference between children 0.879 0.687–1.124 0.305
The birth weight of the previous child 0.679 0.488–0.944 0.021
Gestational diabetes 0.402 0.256–0.630 0.001
Pregnancy induce hypertension 0.891 0.805–0.896 0.026
urinary tract infections during pregnancy 0.312 0.075–1.291 1.108
Pregnancy weight gain 1.064 1.036–1.094 0.001
MoM PAPP-A <0.4 3.312 2.343–4.406 0.001
MoM β-hCG >3 0.683 0.428–1.091 0.111

CI=Confidence interval; OR=Odds ratio; MoM=Multiples of the median; PAPP-A=Pregnancy-associated plasma Protein A; β-hCG=β-human-derived chorionic gonadotrophic; SGA=Small for gestational age