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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 10.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Immunol. 2021 Dec 10;6(66):eabj0789. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abj0789

Fig. 1: Enhanced generation of lung-homing effector cells by infant compared to adult T cells during influenza virus infection.

Fig. 1:

(A) Schematic diagram depicting model for co-transfer of infant (red) and adult (blue) OT-II T cells into congenic host mice (CD45.2−/− CD45.1+/+), followed by infection with PR8-OVA, and tissue harvest at indicated days post challenge. dLN, lung-draining (mediastinal) lymph node. (B) Frequency of transferred infant CD45.1+ (red) and adult CD45.1− (blue) OT-II cells in LNs of host mice shown in representative flow cytometry plots (left) and in graphs of paired frequencies within individual host mice (right). (C) MedLN T cells at day 4 post infection (p.i.) shown in representative flow cytometry plots (left) and graph with paired frequencies (right) of infant and adult OT-II cells in individual host mice. (D) Proliferation by infant OT-II cells relative to adult OT-II cells in medLN shown by flow cytometry plots of CPD dilution (left) and paired frequencies of divided infant (red) and adult (blue) OT-II cells (right) in individual host mice. (E)Representative flow cytometry plots showing frequency of infant (red) and adult (blue) OT-II cells from lungs and medLN of congenic hosts at indicated days post-infection. (F) Graphs showing total number of infant (red) and adult (blue) OT-II cells in lung (left) and medLN (right) of individual host at indicated days post infection. (G) Ratio of infant to adult OT-II cell numbers in lung and medLN of congenic hosts post infection. (H) Ratio of OT-II cells in lung:medLN from adult or infant in congenic hosts post infection derived from cell numbers. (I) Cytokine production by lung effector OT-II cells shown in representative flow plots of IFN-γ and TNF-α by infant and adult OT-II cells (left) and in graphs of paired frequencies of OT-II cells producing indicated cytokines from individual host mice (right). Lung effector T cells at day 11 p.i. were stimulated with 10 μg of peptide for 16 hours and examined for cytokine production. Each connected dot represents infant and adult from an individual host. Data are representative of at least 2 independent experiments with n = 3-4 mice per experiment. Statistical analysis was done using Student’s paired t-test (*p<0.05) with error bars representing standard error mean (S.E.M.).