TABLE 9.

Concurrent and discriminant validity.

Relationships	Type of validity	Standardized						Validity established
		β	r	S.E	t-value	p	R 2
Second order model
Work gratitude ←→ Gender	Discriminant	–	0.02	0.04	0.45	0.65	–	Yes
Work gratitude ←→ Age	Discriminant	–	0.06	0.04	1.34	0.18	–	Yes
Work gratitude ←→ Occupation	Discriminant	–	−0.09	0.04	−2.24	0.06	–	Yes
Work gratitude ←→ Tenure	Discriminant	–	0.01	0.04	0.21	0.83	–	Yes
Work gratitude → CSES	Concurrent	0.38	–	0.04	9.13	0.00	0.15	Yes
Work gratitude → PCQ-12	Concurrent	0.61	–	0.04	17.19	0.00	0.37	Yes
Bifactor model
Grateful appraisals ←→ Gender	Discriminant	–	−0.14	0.07	−2.04	0.06	–	Yes
Gratitude toward others ←→ Gender	Discriminant	–	−0.07	0.06	−1.07	0.28	–	Yes
Intentional attitude of gratitude ←→ Gender	Discriminant	–	−0.02	0.07	−0.31	0.75	–	Yes
Work gratitude ←→Gender	Discriminant	–	0.09	0.05	1.69	0.09		Yes
Grateful appraisals ←→ Age	Discriminant	–	0.04	0.06	0.70	0.49	–	Yes
Gratitude toward others ←→ Age	Discriminant	–	0.03	0.06	0.62	0.54	–	Yes
Intentional attitude of gratitude ←→ Age	Discriminant	–	0.24	0.07	3.56	0.00	–	No
Work gratitude ←→ Age	Discriminant	–	−0.02	0.05	−0.35	0.73	–	Yes
Grateful appraisals ←→ Occupation	Discriminant	–	−0.11	0.07	−1.62	0.11	–	Yes
Gratitude toward others ←→ Occupation	Discriminant	–	−0.16	0.06	−2.60	0.01	–	No
Intentional attitude of gratitude ←→ Occupation	Discriminant	–	−0.07	0.06	−1.13	0.26	–	Yes
Work gratitude ←→ Occupation	Discriminant	–	−0.01	0.05	−0.25	0.81	–	Yes
Grateful appraisals ←→ Tenure	Discriminant	–	0.01	0.08	0.10	0.92	–	Yes
Gratitude toward others ←→ Tenure	Discriminant	–	0.11	0.06	1.86	0.06	–	Yes
Intentional attitude of gratitude ←→ Tenure	Discriminant	–	0.18	0.08	2.41	0.02	–	No
Work gratitude ←→ Tenure	Discriminant	–	−0.01	0.06	−0.23	0.82	–	Yes
Grateful appraisals ←→ CSES	Concurrent	0.50	–	0.08	6.28	0.00	0.40	Yes
Gratitude toward others ←→ CSES	Concurrent	0.21	–	0.08	2.71	0.01	0.40	Yes
Intentional attitude of gratitude ←→ CSES	Concurrent	0.30	–	0.09	3.25	0.00	0.40	Yes
Work gratitude ←→ CSES	Concurrent	0.14	–	0.06	2.24	0.03	0.40	Yes
Grateful appraisals ←→ PCQ-12	Concurrent	0.63	–	0.07	8.68	0.00	0.66	Yes
Gratitude toward others ←→ PCQ-12	Concurrent	0.25	–	0.07	3.72	0.00	0.66	Yes
Intentional attitude of gratitude ←→ PCQ-12	Concurrent	0.30	–	0.08	3.61	0.00	0.66	Yes
Work gratitude ←→ PCQ-12	Concurrent	0.34	–	0.06	5.54	0.00	0.66	Yes

→ = Regression; ←→ = Correlation; β = Standardized Beta; r = correlation coefficient; S.E = Standard Error; p = statistical significance; R² = Variance.