Silencing of SDC2 in hMSCs results in less efficient resolution of neutrophilic inflammation in the peritoneum when given during CLP‐induced sepsis. Total cell counts (A), innate immune neutrophils (B), and macrophages (C) were assessed in peritoneal fluid (PF) of mice undergoing sham or CLP surgery after 48 h. Mice were randomly assigned to sham (circles/white bars, n = 5 in A, n = 4 in B and C) or CLP surgery, and received PBS control (− MSCs, squares/gray bars, n = 7 in each group), shSCR hMSCs (+, downward triangles/blue bars, n = 8 in A and C, n = 7 in B), or shSDC2 hMSCs (+, upward triangles/red bars, n = 9 in A and C, n = 8 in B). Data are presented as cells × 106, mean ± SEM. For total cells and neutrophils, P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0005, respectively, with significant comparisons * versus sham, † versus PBS, ‡ versus shSCR hMSCs. For macrophages, NS = not significant between groups.