The effect of imipramine on osteoclast formation and bone resorption induced by LPS and/or MetS. C57BL/6 mice were fed HFD for 20 weeks to induce MetS and/or treated with LPS for the last 4 weeks to induce periodontitis. Control mice were fed LFD or injected with PBS. Half of mice were also treated with imipramine in the last 7 weeks as described in Methods. The maxillae were decalcified and sectioned after being scanned by micro-computed tomography. Tartrate resistant and phosphatase (TRAP) staining to detect osteoclasts was performed on the tissue sections. Representative tissue sections with TRAP staining from 8 groups (A) and multinucleated TRAP-positive osteoclasts are shown (B). Photomicrographs were taken at 100x magnification. The data are mean ± SD (n=7–10). *p<0.05 vs **, *p<0.05 vs +, *p<0.05 vs #, *p<0.05 vs^, +p<0.05 vs ^, ^p<0.05 vs ^^. T: tooth; B: alveolar bone. Scale bar = 100 μm.