Table 4.
Socio-demographics and key variable characteristics by respondent.
| Socio-demographic and key variable characteristics | Overall (n = 554) |
Adolescent girl (n = 65) |
Female caregiver (n = 85) |
Female influential (n = 79) |
Female social network (n = 325) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Region | |||||
| Addis Ababa | 37.4% | 38.5% | 37.7% | 39.2% | 36.6% |
| Afar | 37.4% | 35.4% | 37.7% | 27.9% | 40.0% |
| Southern Nations, Nationalities and People's Regions | 25.3% | 26.2% | 24.7% | 32.9% | 23.4% |
| Age | |||||
| 10–19 years | 27.8% | 100% | 0% | 5.1% | 26.2% |
| 20–35 years | 40.8% | 0% | 49.4% | 45.6% | 45.5% |
| 36 and over | 31.4% | 0% | 50.6% | 49.4% | 28.3%*** |
| Marital status | |||||
| Married or engaged | 54.5% | 6.2% | 77.7% | 63.3% | 56.0% |
| Widowed, divorced or separated | 12.3% | 0% | 20.0% | 19.0% | 11.1% |
| Single, never married | 33.2% | 93.9% | 2.4% | 17.7% | 32.9%*** |
| Religion | |||||
| Christian (Orthodox, Protestant, Catholic) | 59.2% | 56.9% | 58.8% | 70.9% | 56.9% |
| Muslim | 40.8% | 43.1% | 41.2% | 29.1% | 43.1% |
| Educational status | |||||
| No formal education | 37.4% | 6.2% | 63.5% | 39.2% | 36.3% |
| Primary education | 33.4% | 61.5% | 20.0% | 26.6% | 32.9% |
| Secondary education and higher | 29.2% | 32.3% | 16.5% | 34.2% | 30.8%*** |
| Socio-economic status | |||||
| Tertile 1 (most poor) | 42.4% | 43.1% | 47.1% | 32.9% | 43.4% |
| Tertile 2 (poor) | 24.2% | 23.1% | 20.0% | 32.9% | 23.4% |
| Tertile 3 (least poor) | 33.4% | 33.9% | 32.9% | 34.2% | 33.2% |
| Knowledge | |||||
| Lower | 67.7% | 86.2% | 52.9% | 64.6% | 68.6% |
| Higher | 32.3% | 13.9% | 47.1% | 35.4% | 31.4%*** |
| Attitudes about power and gender | |||||
| Not as progressive | 55.6% | 40.0% | 65.9% | 48.1% | 57.9% |
| Most progressive | 44.4% | 60.0% | 34.1% | 51.9% | 42.2%** |
| Attitudes about FGM and relationship to identity | |||||
| Not as progressive | 66.4% | 52.3% | 65.9% | 76.0% | 67.1% |
| Most progressive | 33.6% | 47.7% | 34.1% | 24.1% | 32.9%* |
| Attitude about FGM and religion | |||||
| Agree or have neutral attitude on “it is a religious duty to perform FGM” | 29.1% | 16.9% | 31.8% | 29.1% | 30.8% |
| Disagree that there is a religious duty to perform FGM | 70.9% | 83.1% | 68.2% | 70.9% | 69.2% |
| Engaged in a conversation about FGM | |||||
| No | 52.7% | 60.0% | 55.3% | 50.6% | 51.1% |
| Yes | 47.3% | 40.0% | 44.7% | 49.4% | 48.9% |
| Social support (sought advice or instrumental support surrounding FGM) | |||||
| No | 9.0% | 6.2% | 9.4% | 8.9% | 9.5% |
| Yes | 91.0% | 93.9% | 90.6% | 91.1% | 90.5% |
| Descriptive norms | |||||
| Family decision to abandon FGM | |||||
| No | 31.2% | 24.6% | 34.1% | 26.6% | 32.9% |
| Yes | 68.8% | 75.4% | 65.9% | 73.4% | 67.1% |
| Other people in the community decide to abandon FGM | |||||
| No | 32.0% | 24.6% | 34.1% | 25.3% | 34.5% |
| Yes | 68.1% | 75.4% | 65.9% | 74.7% | 65.5% |
| Society in general decides to abandon FGM | |||||
| No | 32.5% | 32.3% | 34.1% | 25.3% | 33.9% |
| Yes | 67.5% | 67.7% | 65.9% | 74.7% | 66.2% |
| Injunctive norms | |||||
| Family expects you to abandon FGM | |||||
| No | 32.1% | 26.2% | 34.1% | 26.6% | 34.2% |
| Yes | 67.9% | 73.9% | 65.9% | 73.4% | 65.9% |
| Other people in the community expect you to abandon FGM | |||||
| No | 31.4% | 23.1% | 34.1% | 25.3% | 33.9% |
| Yes | 68.6% | 76.9% | 65.9% | 74.7% | 66.2% |
| Society in general expect you to abandon FGM | |||||
| No | 32.5% | 32.3% | 36.5% | 25.3% | 33.2% |
| Yes | 67.5% | 67.7% | 63.5% | 74.7% | 66.8% |
| Punishments identified with abandoning FGM | |||||
| Yes | 36.5% | 27.7% | 38.8% | 29.1% | 39.4% |
| No | 63.5% | 72.3% | 61.2% | 70.9% | 60.6% |
| Rewards identified with abandoning FGM | |||||
| No | 42.1% | 32.3% | 38.8% | 46.8% | 43.7% |
| Yes | 57.9% | 67.7% | 61.2% | 53.2% | 56.3% |
| Personally undergone FGM | |||||
| Yes | 65.2% | 44.6% | 82.4% | 63.3% | 65.2% |
| No | 34.8% | 55.4% | 17.7% | 36.7% | 34.8%*** |
| Know someone in their family who have undergone FGM (Not asked to adolescent girls) | N = 481 | N = 85 | N = 77 | N = 319 | |
| Yes | 32.0% | 41.2% | 26.0% | 31.0% | |
| No | 68.0% | 58.8% | 74.0% | 69.0%∧ | |
∧
p ≤ 0.1
*
p ≤ 0.05,
**
p ≤ 0.01,
***
p ≤ 0.001.
□ :Adolescent girls not asked this question.