Table 1.
Demographic data, clinical characteristics and underlying conditions of patients with invasive H. influenzae disease
|
|
Overall study period (2008–2019) n=150 |
Comparison between periods |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Young adults (<65 years) n=53 |
Elderly adults (≥65 years) n=97 |
P-value |
First period (2008–2013) n=82 |
Second period (2014–2019) n=68 |
P-value |
||
|
Characteristics [no. (%)] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age (mean±sd; range) |
67.5±14.9; 21–96 |
51.6±11.4; 21–64 |
76.1±7.7; 65–96 |
<0.0001 |
64.3±16.1; 21–96 |
71.2±12.3; 37–93 |
0.0043 |
|
Male sex |
88 (58.7) |
30 (56.6) |
58 (59.8) |
0.7311 |
52 (63.4) |
36 (52.9) |
0.2439 |
|
Underlying conditions |
|
|
|
||||
|
Immunosuppressive therapy |
60 (40.0) |
22 (41.5) |
38 (39.2) |
0.86 |
28 (34.1) |
32 (47.1) |
0.13 |
|
Solid organ malignancy |
54 (36.0) |
17 (32.1) |
37 (38.1) |
0.48 |
26 (31.7) |
28 (41.2) |
0.24 |
|
Diabetes |
39 (26.0) |
8 (15.1) |
31 (32.0) |
0.03 |
18 (22.0) |
21 (30.9) |
0.26 |
|
Heart disease |
40 (26.7) |
7 (13.2) |
33 (34.0) |
0.01 |
15 (18.3) |
25 (36.8) |
0.02 |
|
COPD |
30 (20.0) |
4 (7.5) |
26 (26.8) |
0.01 |
18 (22.0) |
12 (17.6) |
0.54 |
|
Chronic liver disease |
18 (12.0) |
10 (18.9) |
8 (8.2) |
0.07 |
11 (13.4) |
7 (10.3) |
0.62 |
|
Hematologic malignancy* |
16 (10.7) |
7 (13.2) |
9 (9.3) |
0.58 |
9 (11.0) |
7 (10.3) |
1.00 |
|
Cerebrovascular disease |
7 (4.7) |
0 (0.0) |
7 (7.2) |
0.05 |
5 (6.1) |
2 (2.9) |
0.46 |
|
Organ transplant† |
10 (6.7) |
6 (11.3) |
4 (4.1) |
0.17 |
4 (4.9) |
6 (8.8) |
0.51 |
|
HIV |
3 (2.0) |
3 (5.7) |
0 (0.0) |
0.04 |
2 (2.4) |
1 (1.5) |
1.00 |
|
No underlying conditions |
27 (18.0) |
15 (28.3) |
12 (12.4) |
0.02 |
18 (22.0) |
9 (13.2) |
0.20 |
|
Acquisition |
|
|
|
||||
|
Community acquired |
130 (86.7) |
43 (81.1) |
87 (89.7) |
0.21 |
71 (86.6) |
59 (86.8) |
1.00 |
|
Nosocomial |
20 (13.3) |
10 (18.9) |
10 (10.3) |
0.21 |
11 (13.4) |
9 (13.2) |
1.00 |
|
Source of infection |
|
|
|
||||
|
Respiratory tract infection |
101 (67.3) |
27 (50.9) |
74 (76.3) |
0.01 |
49 (59.8) |
52 (76.5) |
0.04 |
|
Meningitis |
14 (9.3) |
5 (9.4) |
9 (9.3) |
1.00 |
9 (11.0) |
5 (7.4) |
0.58 |
|
Biliary tract infection |
14 (9.3) |
7 (13.2) |
7 (7.2) |
0.25 |
9 (11.0) |
5 (7.4) |
0.58 |
|
Primary bacteremia |
9 (6.0) |
6 (11.3) |
3 (3.1) |
0.07 |
7 (8.5) |
2 (2.9) |
0.18 |
|
Peritonitis |
3 (2.0) |
2 (3.8) |
1 (1.0) |
0.28 |
2 (2.4) |
1 (1.5) |
1.00 |
|
Other‡ |
9 (6.0) |
6 (11.3) |
3(3.1) |
0.07 |
6 (7.3) |
3 (4.4) |
0.51 |
|
Charlson comorbidity index |
4.8±2.5 |
3.4±3.0 |
5.5±1.8 |
<0.0001 |
4.3±2.4 |
5.3±2.5 |
0.01 |
|
30 day mortality |
27 (18.0) |
10 (18.9) |
17 (17.5) |
0.83 |
17 (20.7) |
10 (14.7) |
0.40 |
*Myeloma (n=8, 5.3%), leukaemia and lymphoma (n=4, 2.7 % each).
†Liver (n=4, 2.7%), bone marrow (n=3, 2.0%), kidney (n=2, 1.3%) and heart (n=1, 0.7%).
‡Epiglotittis, liver abscess (n=2, 1.3 % each), endometritis, facial cellulites, septic shock of an aortic valve prosthetic origin, surgical wound infection, and urinary tract infection (n=1, 0.7 % each).