| Study ID |
measurement method |
data reported |
data preparation |
| Masciello 1990 |
blood drawn via heel stick 30 minutes post‐circumcision |
mean/SD plasma cortisol levels in mg/dL |
mg/dL multiplied by 27.59 = nmol/L
nmol/L included in meta‐analysis |
| Stang 1988 |
blood drawn via heel stick for 1/2 subjects at 30 min post‐circumcision, and 90 min for remaining 1/2 subjects |
mean/SEM plasma cortisol levels in nmol/L and ug/dL |
means (nmol/L) included in meta‐analysis
SEM converted to SD using formula:
SD = SEM (sqrt(n)) |
| Williamson 1986 |
blood drawn by heel stick at baseline and 30 min post‐circumcision |
mean/SEM plasma cortisol levels in ug/dL |
SEM converted to SD using formula:
SD = SEM (sqrt(n))
ug/dL |
| Holliday 1999 |
serum B‐endorphin levels ‐ blood sample taken before and 20 min post‐circumcision |
mean/SD / group in pmol/L |
data included as reported |
| Joyce 2001 |
salivary cortisol samples collected at baseline abd 30 min after procedure |
mean/SD before/after
no units of measurement
results not broken down by group |
not included |
| Kurtis 1999 |
salivary cortisol |
collected sample at baseline and 30 min post‐circumcision |
mean/SD included as reported |
| Stang 1997 |
plasma cortisol 30 min after beginning of circumcision |
mean/SD / group
nmol/dL and ug/dL |
mean /SD (nmol/dL) included as reported |
| Weatherstone 1993 |
serum B‐endorphin level taken pre‐operatively and 15 min after circumcision |
mean/SD B‐endorphin level (pg/mL) for pre and post circumcision period/group |
mean/SD level for post‐circumcision period included as reported |
| Williamson 1986 |
plasma cortisol obtained at baseline and 30 min after Gomco clamp applied |
mean/SEM plasma cortisol levels (ug/dL)/group |
ug/dL multiplied by 27.59 = nmol/L
SEM converted to SD using formula:
SD = SEM (sqrt(n)) |
