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. 2004 Jul 19;2004(3):CD004217. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004217.pub2

Lander 1997.

Methods RCT 
 Blinding of randomization ‐ yes 
 Blinding of intervention ‐ partial 
 Complete follow‐up ‐ no 
 Blinding of outcome measurement ‐ yes
Participants 54 male NB; FT; AGA; 1‐3 d age
Interventions 2g LP cream (n=15) 
 placebo cream (n=12) 
 0.8 ml 1% lidocaine DPNB (n=14) 
 0.8 ml 1% lidocaine RB (n=13) 
 ‐ penile blocks 8 min WT; creams applied 90 min prior and covered with occlusive dressing
Outcomes HR; time cry; O2 sat, RR, palmar sweat, metHgb level
Notes ‐ 2 withdrawals, 1 in placebo group, 1 in RB group (1 parents unable to remain in hospital, 1 required phototherapy) 
 ‐ procedure standardized 
 ‐ Gomco clamp 
 ‐ adverse effects reported
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Allocation concealment? Low risk A ‐ Adequate