Stang 1988 A.

Methods	RCT Blinding of randomization ‐ can't tell Blinding of intervention ‐ partial Complete follow‐up ‐ can't tell Blinding of outcome measurement ‐ can't tell
Participants	60 male NB; > 24 hr age; BW > 3000 g; 5 min Apgar > 7; uncomplicated delivery
Interventions	0.8 ml 1% lidocaine DPNB (n=20) saline DPNB (n=20) no treatment control (n=20) 5 min WT *comparison is DPNB versus no treatment
Outcomes	% time cry, modal behavior state, plasma cortisol
Notes	‐ all handling avoided for 2 hr prior ‐ 1/2 had blood sample for cortisol at 30 min, 1/2 at 90 min ‐ all received pacifiers and continuously soothed ‐ procedure standardized to 3 periods ‐ Gomco and Plastibell used at operator's discretion ‐ adverse effects reported
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	B ‐ Unclear