Figure 1.

Experimental study design. Mothers were fed a diet supplemented with 4% galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS)/inulin prebiotics (PB) or a control (CTL) diet during acclimation, mating, and pregnancy (total of 4–5 weeks of supplementation). After delivery, mothers and pups were fed with a CTL diet. Wheat food allergy (FA) was induced in 3-week-old female pups born from mothers that received either a control diet (CTL-FA) and GOS/inulin diet (PB-FA). Pups were sensitized with two intraperitoneal (IP) injections 10 days apart with wheat allergen and aluminum hydroxide (Alum). One week after, pups were orally challenged by intragastric (IG) injection with wheat allergen. Pups born from mothers that received either a control diet or GOS/inulin diet, but were not sensitized to wheat, were used as controls (CTL and PB). Indicated samples were collected at different times during the protocol, and analysis was performed according to the sample.