Table 4.
Prosocial nudge effects on medical students’ intent-to-drop-out by pre-COVID-19 intentions.
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome: Post-COVID-19 intent-to-dropout=1 | |||||||||
| Sample | All | Pre-COVID-19 dropout=1 | Pre-COVID-19 dropout=0 | ||||||
| Control mean | 0.068 | 0.232 | 0.042 | ||||||
| Nudge | 0.004*** | 0.004*** | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.004*** | 0.005*** | |||
| (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.008) | (0.008) | (0.001) | (0.001) | ||||
| Constant | 0.068*** | 0.053*** | 0.232*** | 0.219*** | 0.042*** | 0.055*** | |||
| (0.002) | (0.003) | (0.007) | (0.014) | (0.002) | (0.003) | ||||
| Covariates | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | |||
| Observations | 98,668 | 98,668 | 13,479 | 13,479 | 85,189 | 85,189 | |||
| R-squared | 0.000 | 0.086 | 0.000 | 0.048 | 0.000 | 0.014 | |||
Notes: This table presents estimates of the nudge effects on medical students’ intent-to-drop-out by pre-COVID intentions using Eq. (4). Covariates in columns (2), (4), (6) include student-level attributes in Table 1 and college and grade fixed effects. Robust standard errors are clustered at the college-grade level. *** , ** , * .