Table 3.

VLP vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2 in clinical development.

Name of vaccine	Description	Phase	Identifier	Developers
RBD SARS-CoV-2 HBsAg VLP	HBsAg VLPs displaying the SARS-CoV-2 RBD	Phase 1/2	ACTRN12620000817943	Serum Institute of India &Accelagen Pty&SpyBiotech
CoVLP	CoV-like particles derived from plant - nicotiana benthamiana	Phase 2/3	NCT04636697	Medicago
VBI-2902a	An enveloped VLP of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and aluminum phosphate adjuvant.	Phase 1/2	NCT04773665	VBI Vaccines Inc.
No name	SARS-CoV-2 VLP vaccine	Phase 2	NCT04818281	The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
ABNCoV2	Employs a novel plug-&-play capsid cVLP platform	Phase 1	NCT04839146	Radbound University

Source: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/draft-landscape-of-covid-19-candidate-vaccines

Abbreviations: HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; RBD, receptor binding domain.