Table 1.
The basic information and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients
| Total N=63 |
Mild N=39 |
Severe N=24 |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 48.0 ± 21.2 | 40.1 ± 19.8 | 61.0 ± 16.8 | < 0.001 |
| Male (%) | 39 (61.9) | 20 (51.3) | 19 (79.2) | 0.05 |
| Length of hospital stay, days | 26.1 ± 18.8 | 15.8 ± 4.1 | 42.8 ± 21.5 | < 0.001 |
| Viral load, Log10(copies/μl) | 3.7 ± 1.6 | 3.7 ± 1.7 | 3.8 ± 1.5 | 0.16 |
| Symptoms at admission (%) | ||||
| Fever | 41 (65.1) | 19 (48.7) | 22 (91.7) | < 0.001 |
| Chest tightness | 20 (31.7) | 7 (17.9) | 13 (54.2) | 0.005 |
| Cough | 33 (52.4) | 21 (53.8) | 12 (50.0) | 0.80 |
| Sputum | 25 (39.7) | 12 (30.8) | 13 (54.2) | 0.11 |
| Diarrhea | 9 (14.3) | 3 (7.7) | 6 (25.0) | 0.07 |
| Death (%) | 5 (7.9) | 0 | 5 (20.8) | 0.01 |
| Laboratory measurement | ||||
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 13.1 (1.5, 58.6) | 4.4 (1.5, 11.7) | 61.6 (42.8, 117.5) | < 0.001 |
| Lymphocyte count, × 109/L | 0.8 (0.6, 1.2) | 1.2 (0.9, 1.4) | 0.5 (0.4, 0.7) | < 0.001 |
| Neutrophil cell count, ×109/L | 6.1 (4.3, 9.3) | 5.1 (4.1, 6.2) | 8.7 (5.1, 12.7) | 0.02 |
| White blood cell count, ×109/L | 4.4 (3.1, 7.6) | 3.1 (2.5, 4.5) | 7.2 (4.3, 11.7) | 0.001 |
| CD4+, cell/μl | 431 (253, 725) | 589 (422.5, 924) | 158 (97.8, 329.8) | < 0.001 |
| CD8+, cell/μl | 223 (130.5, 424.5) | 353 (208.5, 500) | 104.5 (48.8, 163.2) | < 0.001 |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 1.4 (0, 10.5) | 0 (0, 1.6) | 20.3 (6.6, 60.9) | < 0.001 |
| IL-10, peg/mL | 0.4 (0.3, 0.9) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.5) | 1.1 (0.5, 2.7) | < 0.001 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 336 (207.8, 508.2) | 209 (179, 257) | 512 (455.5, 605.5) | < 0.001 |
| Antivirals during hospitalization (%) | ||||
| Lopinavir/ritonavir | 10 (15.9) | 2 (5.1) | 8 (33.3) | 0.005 |
| Arborol | 15 (23.8) | 4 (10.3) | 11 (45.8) | 0.002 |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 35 (55.6) | 26 (66.7) | 9 (37.5) | 0.04 |
| Interferon | 20 (31.7) | 15 (38.5) | 5 (20.8) | 0.17 |
| Antibiotics during hospitalization (%) | ||||
| Moxifloxacin | 13 (20.6) | 3 (7.7) | 10 (41.7) | 0.003 |
| Other antibiotics | 7 (11.1) | 1 (2.6) | 6 (25.0) | 0.01 |
| Tracheal intubation (%) | 14 (22.2) | 0 (0.0) | 14 (58.3) | < 0.001 |
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (%) | 8 (12.7) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (33.3) | < 0.001 |
1For patients with mild disease, the laboratory measurements presented were the first measurement after admission; for patients with severe disease, the clinical characteristics presented were the first measurement after being diagnosed as severe condition
2Data were shown as mean ± SD or median (lower quartile, upper quartile) for continuous variable and number (%) for the categorical variable. Group differences were calculated using Student’s t test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, χ2 test, or Fisher’s exact test