Table 2.
Various strategies of silicone surface modification.
| Surface modification | Molecules | Mechanism | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drug | doxycycline | inhibit MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation and bacterial adhesion | (83) |
| Metal and metal oxides NPs | Ag | Inhibit the biofilm formation for E. coli, S. aureus, Enterococcus, coagulase-negative staphylococci and P. aeruginosa | (84) |
| antifungal activity of C. albican and biocompatible with human dermal fibroblasts | (85) | ||
| Zn | rapid bactericidal function on E. coli and satisfactory biosecurity | (86) | |
| Cu | rapid bactericidal function on E. coli and satisfactory biosecurity | (86) | |
| ZnO | bactericidal properties both on gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria | (76, 87) | |
| TiO2 | antibacterial activity against E. coli, photoreactivity and cell adhesiveness | (88) | |
| CuO | biocompatibility, antibacterial on E. coli, S. aureus and anticorrosive properties | (89) | |
| GO | GO | stronger antibacterial activity against E. coli with thin film attributed by oxidative stress mechanism | (90, 91) |
| Glyco-combined nanoparticles | CMC, CMD, AA | long-lasting stability, hydrophilicity of PDMS, reduced the adsorption of negatively charged BSA and egg albumin, increased positively charged bacteriolysis | (92) |
| CMC, CHI | prevent bacteria from adhering and loading and releasing antibacterial agents and anti-inflammatory agents | (93) | |
| HA-MKM | bacterial growth inhibition, excellent antifouling and antibacterial properties | (94) | |
| PLL, HA | Reduce inflammation and capsule formation | (95) | |
| Others | PMPC | prevent non-specific protein adsorption and fibroblast adhesion to silicone surfaces | (96) |
| ADM | alleviate the acute in vitro foreign body response of breast fibroblasts | (97) | |
| ECM | reduce the inflammation of the implant-driven foreign body response | (98) |
MRSA, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; GO, graphene oxide; CMC, carboxymethyl cellulose; CMD, carboxymethyl β-1,3-dextran; AA, alginic acid; BSA, bovine albumin; CHI, chitosan; HA, hyaluronic acid; MKM, Nϵ-myristoyl-lysine methyl ester; PLL, poly-l-lysine; PMPC, 2-methacryloxyethyl phosphorylcholine; ADM, acellular dermal matrix; ECM, extracellular matrix.