. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Clin Psychol. 2021 Jul 20;78(2):321–342. doi: 10.1002/jclp.23225

Table 2.

Zero-order correlations between all observed study variables.

Variables	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
1. PTSD symptoms	–
2. DSO symptoms	.47^***	–
3. Emotional loneliness	.19^***	.56^***	–
4. Social loneliness	.17^**	.48^***	.36^***	–
5. Age	.03	.01	.04	−.20^***	–
6. Sex^a	.02	.08	.10	−.05	.01	–
7. Urban dwelling^b	.05	−.09	−.13^*	.02	−.05	.10	–
8. Education	−.02	.09	−.06	.01	.02	.01	.04	–
9. Household income	−.10	−.16^**	−.25^***	−.08	−.13^*	−.15^**	.12^*	.38^***	–
10. Trauma (childhood only)	.40^***	.26^***	.25^***	.25^***	−.01	−.03	.09	−.01	−.12^*	–
11. Trauma (adulthood only)	.22^***	.15^**	.08	−.04	.11^*	−.01	.00	.07	−.09	.04	–
12. Trauma (childhood and adulthood)	.24^***	.15^**	.17^**	.13^**	.14^**	−.08	−.03	.04	−.07	.28^***	−.04	–

Note: PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder; DSO = disturbances in self-organisation;

^{a =}

sex coded as 0 = male, 1 = female;

^{b =}

urban dwelling coded as 0 = not living in a metropolitan area, 1 = living in a metropolitan area.

Statistical significance:

p < .05;

^**

p < .01;

^***

p < .001.