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. 2021 Dec 10;17(7):1468–1470. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.330596

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Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research

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Optogenetics and neuroregeneration.

(A) Optogenetics combines spatial (micrometers to centimeters) and temporal (milliseconds to days) light stimulation with genetic targeting to (in)activate selected cells or tissues at selected stages of development or disease. (B) Cellular processes accessible to optogenetics. Membrane proteins, such as opsins, and cytosolic clustering photoreceptors permit light control of a wide range of processes. The light-sensing protein or light-controlled process is highlighted in blue. (C) Targets for optogenetic neuroregeneration in animal models and patients. PD: Parkinson's disease; SCI: spinal cord injury.