TABLE 1.

Factors associated with any monitoring behavior reported by mothers and fathers of IA− children^a

	Mothers			Fathers
	OR	95%CI	p-value	OR	95%CI	p-value
Age of child
Years	1.04	1.03-1.05	<0.001	1.01	1.00-1.02	0.29
FDR
No	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
Yes	1.31	1.12-1.53	<0.001	1.42	1.21-1.66	<0.001
Country of residence
Finland	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
United States	2.26	2.01-2.54		2.43	2.14-2.76
Germany	2.99	2.47-3.63		3.46	2.83-4.23
Sweden	4.18	3.70-4.72	<0.001	3.97	3.48-4.52	<0.001
Child ethnic minority status
No	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
Yes	0.78	0.69-0.89	<0.001	0.77	0.67-0.88	<0.001
First born child statusb
No	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
Yes	1.09	1.01-1.18	0.04	1.19	1.09-1.30	<0.001
Parent’s education
Higher education	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
Graduated trade school/college	0.92	0.83-1.02		0.83	0.74-0.92
Basic education	0.95	0.84-1.06	0.24	0.98	0.87-1.09	0.003
Parental postnatal depressionc	1.05	1.00-1.11	0.04	1.06	1.00-1.14	0.06
Anxiety about diabetes (SAI)d	1.09	1.05-1.12	<0.001	1.09	1.06-1.13	<0.001
Parental risk perception
Underestimated	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
Accurate	1.29	1.22-1.36	<0.001	1.28	1.21-1.35	<0.001
Belief that TID risk can be reduced (LOC)e	1.04	1.02-1.05	<0.001	1.06	1.05-1.08	<0.001

^aParent marital/living together status and crowding was not associated with monitoring behaviors and was excluded from the model.

^bFirst born child status collected at 9 months of age.

^cHigher score (per 5 unit increase) suggests more depressive symptomology.

^dHigher SAI score (per 10 unit increase) suggests more anxiety about diabetes.

^eHigher locus of control score (per unit score) suggests stronger belief in the ability to prevent diabetes.