Table 2.

Clinical symptoms and signs of COVID-19 patients with pulmonary fibrosis.

Symptoms and signs	Overall (N = 64)	Survived (N = 32)	Deceased (N = 32)	P
Difficulty breathing	63 (98.4%)	31 (96.9%)	32 (100%)	.313
Cough	58 (90.6%)	30 (93.8%)	28 (87.5%)	.391
Sputum	12 (18.8%)	12 (37.5%)	0	<.001∗
Hemoptysis	1 (1.6%)	1 (3.1%)	0	.313
Fever	45 (70.3%)	21 (65.6%)	24 (75.0%)	.412
Chest pain	10 (15.6%)	6 (18.8%)	4 (12.5%)	.491
Diarrhea	4 (6.2%)	2 (6.2%)	2 (6.2%)	.999
Loss of smell	2 (3.1%)	2 (6.2%)	0	.151
Low SpO2 (<95%)	42 (65.6%)	18 (56.2%)	24 (75.0%)	.114
PaO2/FIO2 (<100)	32 (50.0%)	13 (40.6%)	19 (59.4%)	.251
Isolation ward admission	12 (18.8%)	12 (37.5%)	0	<.001∗
ICU admission†	52 (81.2%)	20 (62.5%)	32 (100%)	<.001∗
Mechanical ventilation	40 (62.5%)	8 (25.0%)	32 (100%)	<.001∗
High flow nasal cannula	14 (21.9%)	14 (43.8%)	0	<.001∗