Table 1.

Antibiotic use in ascites and SPB.

Antibiotic Use in Ascites and SPB
Community- acquired SPB First line therapy of SPB: Cefotaxime 2 g/8 h IV or Ceftriaxone 2 g/24 h IV or Amoxicillin-clavulanate 1–0.2 g/6–8 h IV Other options: Ciprofloxacin 400 mg/12 h IV or Ofloxacin 400 mg/12 h PO (in uncomplicated SBP) Nosocomial SPB - Meropenem 1 g/8 h IV * - Daptomycin (i.e., 8–12 mg/kg per 24 h) plus meropenem (i.e., 1 g/8 h) ** - Tigecycline 100 mg IV loading dose followed by 50 mg/12 h IV **
Recommendation in hepatic impairment
Cefotaxime	No need for dose adjustment (wide drug therapeutic index)
Amoxicillin/Clavulanate	No need for dose adjustment (renal tubular secretion)
Ciprofloxacin	No need for dose adjustment
Tigecycline (nosocomial SPB)	Mild to moderate hepatic insufficiency: no need for dose adjustment Severe hepatic insufficiency: dose should be reduced by 50%
Carbapenems (nosocomial SPB)	No need for dose adjustment

* Areas with a high prevalence of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae. ** Clinical setting with a high prevalence of VRE, MRSA, ESBL.