Enhanced resistance of ProSys(1-178) transgenic lines to S. littoralis larvae (a,b) and of leaves of tomato plants exogenously treated with ProSys(1-178) recombinant protein (c,d). (a,c) Larval weight increase upon feeding with leaves from ProSys(1-178) transgenic lines (ProSys(1-178) lines 1 and 2) and control plants and upon feeding with leaves from ProSys(1-178)-treated and control plants. The graphs display the average (± S.D.) of larval weights on several feeding days (a, * One-way ANOVA: p < 0.0001; c, Student’s t-test: * p < 0.01; ** p < 0.0001). (b,d) Survival rate of larvae fed on leaves transgenic or control plants and on ProSys(1-178)-treated and control leaves (** Log-Rank test: p < 0.0001). Asterisks denote mean values that are significantly different.