Table 2.

Bacterial species and strains tested to date in either in vitro, ex vivo, or in vivo models, including ESKAPEE bacteria (E. faecium, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp., and E. coli).

Biofilm	In Vitro	Ex Vivo	In Vivo	Source [Reference]
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae				Clinical isolate [49,51,61]
Streptococcus pneumoniae				Strain 1121 [45,61]
Moraxella catarrhalis				Strain 7169 [50]
Streptococcus mutans				Strain UA159 [45]
Staphylococcus epidermidis				Clinical strain 1618 [45]
Neisseria gonorrhoeae				Strain 1291 [45]
Burkholderia cenocepacia				Multiple strains [39,50,61]
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans				Clinical strain D7S-1 [58]
Porphyromonas gingivalis				Strain 381 [57]
Streptococcus gordonii				Chalis CH1 [57]
Streptococcus mitis				ATCC 33399 [56]
Streptococcus cristatus				ATCC 49999 [56]
Salmonella typhi				Multiple strains [62]
Streptococcus oralis				ATCC 10557 [56]
Enterococcus faecium				Unpublished data
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, MSSA)				ATCC 29213 (MSSA) [45,61]; Unpublished data (MRSA)
Klebsiella pneumoniae				Unpublished data
Acinetobacter baumannii				Strain 17978 [61]
Pseudomonas aeruginosa				ATCC 27853 [45]; Strain 142-1 [61];Unpublished data
Enterobacter spp.				Unpublished data
Escherichia coli				Strain MG1655; Uropathogenic strain UTT89 [45]
Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. abscessus				Unpublished data
Polymicrobial				Cystic Fibrosis sputum [46] Cesarean section wound [60]