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. 2021 Dec 27;11(1):55. doi: 10.3390/antiox11010055

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of autophagy on inflammatory response of BMECs induced by LPS challenge. Effect of 3-MA (autophagy inhibitor) and rapamycin (autophagy inducer) on (a–c) mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8), (d) transcription factor (IκB), (e) mTOR and (f) cell viability. CON, control group. LPS, 8μg/mL LPS for 12 h. 3-MA, 5 mM 3-MA for 4 h. RAPA, 0.2μM rapamycin for 24 h. The data are presented as the means ± SEM. Experiments were repeated three times independently with triplicates in each treatment. * p ≤ 0.05, significantly different from CON; # p ≤ 0.05, significantly different from LPS.; $ p ≤ 0.05, significantly different from RAPA.