Table 1.
Summary of changes in activity patterns in cows (lying time, lying time on quarter affected, number of lying bouts, lying bout duration and activity) caused by mastitis. Studies are summarized according to how they have been assessed in relation to pain using the following methods: cows studied as own control (before, during and after mastitis) and comparing cows with mastitis to the control. Moment (in days, d, or hours, h, related to challenge or naturally occurring mastitis; D0 = day of challenge or diagnosed natural mastitis) and type of change (↑ increase; ↓ decrease; NS = non-significant; NE = non-evaluated) are given comparing the painful moment or cows in pain due to mastitis versus the control moment or control cows.
| Studies Classification | Reference | Origin of Pain Due to Mastitis | Control Moment or Control Cows | Lying Time (h/d) | Lying Time on Quarter Affected (h/d) | No. Lying Bouts (No./d) | Lying Bout Duration (min/d) | Activity (No. Steps/Day) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cows as own control (before, during and after mastitis) | [94] | Challenge (D0) with E. coli | Prechallenge (D-1, D-2) | ↓ (from +4 h to +7 h) | NS | NS | NS | NE |
| Postchallenge (D+1, D+2) | NS | NS | NS | NS | NE | |||
| [92] | Challenge (D0) with E. coli | Prechallenge (D-1) | ↓ until +20 h | ↓ (t) | NS | NS | ↑ | |
| [93] | Challenge (D0) with E. coli | Prechallenge (D-1, D-2) | ↓ (D+2) | ↓ (D+2) | NE | NE | NE | |
| Postchallenge (D+1, D+2) | ↓ (D+2) | ↓ (D+2) | NE | NE | NE | |||
| Mastitis vs. control | [95] | Challenge with E. coli + PBS 4 h post-challenge | Intrammamary infusion with PBS + PBS 4 h post-challenge | NS (from 0 h to +24 h) | NE | NE | NE | NE |
| [100] | Challenge with E. coli + PBS | Non-challenged: Infusion with PBS |
↓ (from +3 h to +6 h) | NS | NS | NS | NS | |
| [98] | Challenge with S. uberis + PBS |
Uninfected | ↑ (D+4) | NE | NS | NE | ↓ (from D+1 to D+3) | |
| [89] | Cows with naturally occurring clinical mastitis | Clinically healthy control cows | ↓ (from D0 to D+2) | NE | ↑ (from D+3 to D+10) | NE | ↑ (from D+6 to D+10) |
Significant differences are established at p ≤ 0.05, and tendency (t) at p ≤ 0.1. PBS = phosphate-buffered saline (water-based salt sterile solution that helps to maintain a constant pH).